SEQUELAE OF PULPAL DISEASE

Question 1

PULPITIS (4)

Answer 1

Inflammation of the pulpal tissue
Reversible vs irreversible
Acute vs chronic
Symptomatic vs asymptomatic

Question 2

MECHANISM OF ACTION:
INFLAMMATION OF THE PULP (4)

Answer 2

 Limited blood supply
 No collateral support
 D e s t ruct ive
 E x p ansi le p roces s

Question 3

E x p ansi le p roces s
(3)

Answer 3

▪ Blood vessel dilation
▪ Leakage of fluid into surrounding tissue
▪ Migration of cells

Question 4

PERIAPICAL LESIONS
Presence of (2) pulpitis

Answer 4

opened or closed

Question 5

PERIAPICAL LESIONS
— of involved microorganism

Answer 5

Virulence

Question 6

PERIAPICAL LESIONS
Extent of — of dentinal tubules

Answer 6

sclerosis

Question 7

PERIAPICAL LESIONS
— of host immune response

Answer 7

Competency

Question 8

PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA

Answer 8

mass of chronically inflamed granulation tissue

Question 9

PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
location

Answer 9

apex of non vital tooth

Question 10

PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
most are

Answer 10

asymptomatic

Question 11

PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
misnomer

Answer 11

not true granulomatous inflammation

Question 12

PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
may develop as the

Answer 12

initial periapical pathosis or arise after an initial periapical abscess

Question 13

PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
may transform into (2)

Answer 13

periapical cyst
abscess

Question 14

DEFINITION OF A CYST

Answer 14

pathologic cavity located in soft tissue or bone lined by epithelium

Question 15

APICAL PERIODONTAL CYST
(PERIAPICAL CYST)
an — cyst

Answer 15

inflammatory

Question 16

APICAL PERIODONTAL CYST
(PERIAPICAL CYST)

Answer 16

asymptomatic, slow growing lesion associated with the root apex of a non-vital tooth

Question 17

APICAL PERIODONTAL CYST
(PERIAPICAL CYST)
— possible

Answer 17

external root resorption

Question 18

PERIAPICAL ABSCESS
accumulation of

Answer 18

acute inflammatory cells at the apex of a nonvital tooth

Question 19

PERIAPICAL ABSCESS
may arise as the initial

Answer 19

periapical pathosis or as an acute exacerbation of chronic periapical lesion (phoenix abscess)

Question 20

PERIAPICAL ABSCESS
generally,

Answer 20

symptomatic, but may be asymptomatic if there is a lack of accumulation of purulent material due to a chronic path of drainage

Question 21

DRAINAGE PATHWAYS OF ACUTE
PERIAPICAL INFECTIONS (5)

Answer 21

1 . S ur f ace o f t h e g i ngi va ( p arulis )
2 . P al ate ( p al atal a b s ces s)
3 . M ax i llar y s i nus
4 . S o f t t i s s ue s p aces ( c e ll ulit is)
5 . F l oor o f m ou t h ( Lu dw ig A n g ina)

Question 22

PARULIS (GUM BOIL) (2)

Answer 22

acute periapical inflammation
purulent material perforates through bone, periosteum, soft tissue, epithelium and drains through intraoral sinus

Question 23

a parulis is the

Answer 23

intraoral opening of a sinus tract

Question 24

parulis consists of

Answer 24

a mass of inflamed granulation tissue with an epithelialized sinus tract

Question 25

ABSCESS

Answer 25

a localized collection of pus that has accumulated (consolidated) in a tissue cavity, producing fluctulance

Question 26

CUTANEOUS SINUS TRACT

Answer 26

a dental abscess that drains extraorally, through the overlying skin

Question 27

SINUS TRACT (2)

Answer 27

from within to the exterior parulis is the end of a sinus tract

Question 28

FISTULOUS TRACT (1)

Answer 28

connects two anatomic cavities

Question 29

connects two anatomic cavities (2)

Answer 29

oroantral, oronasal fistula tracheo-esophageal fistula

Question 30

CELLULITIS

Answer 30

 D i f f us e s p read o f a n a c u te i n flamm ator y p roces s t h rough t h e f a s c ial p l anes o f s o f t t i s s ue p roduc ing e r y t hema, e d ema, wa r m t h, a n d p a i n  A b s c ess u n abl e to e s t ablis h d r ainage i n to t h e o r al c av it y o r o n to t h e s u r f ace o f s k i n ( s i nus t r ac t )

Question 31

LUDWIG’S ANGINA

Answer 31

A n a g g ress ive, r a p idly s p read ing c e l lulit is i nvolvi ng m u lt iple a n a tomic s p aces – t h e s u bmental , s ub lingual a n d s u b mandib ular s p ac es

Question 32

LUDWIG’S ANGINA produces

Answer 32

m a s sive s we ll ing o f n e c k t h at m ay ex tend c l ose to c l av icl es a n d c a u se a i r way o b s truc t ion

Question 33

CAVERNOUS SINUS THROMBOSIS

Answer 33

Va l veless ve nous s y s tem m ay a l l ow r et rograde s p read o f i nfec t ion f rom m i d dle t h i rd o f t h e f a c e

Question 34

Formatio n o f a --- w i t hi n t h e c avernous s i nus , a m a j or d ural ve nous s i nus , a l i fe - th reatening i n fect ion

Answer 34

blood clot

Question 35

M ay b e a s s oc iated w i t h s p read o f i n fec tion f rom

Answer 35

m ax i llar y te et h

Question 36

OSTEOMYELITIS

Answer 36

B a c terial i nfec t ion o f b o ne

Question 37

OSTEOMYELITIS B a c terial i nfec t ion o f b o ne (4)

Answer 37

▪ Odontogenic infection ▪ Traumatic fracture of bone ▪ NUG, NOMA - Developing countries

Question 38

OSTEOMYELITIS P re dis pos iti on (3)

Answer 38

▪ Chronic systemic diseases ▪ Immunodeficiency ▪ Decreased vascularity of bone

Question 39

Ac u te o s te o mye l i t i s (2)

Answer 39

▪ Spread through medullar y spaces ▪ Minimal tissue reaction

Question 40

C h ro n i c o s te o mye l i t i s (3)

Answer 40

▪ Prominent tissue reaction ▪ Granulation tissue ▪ Fibrosis

Question 41

SEQUESTRUM

Answer 41

f r agment o f n e c rot ic b o ne s e p arated f rom a d j ac ent v i t al b o ne t h at u s u ally u nd ergoes s p ont aneous ex fol iati on

Question 42

INVOLUCRUM

Answer 42

nonvital b o ne, e n c as ed by v i t al b o ne

Question 43

PROLIFERATIVE PERIOSTITIS form of

Answer 43

chronic osteomyelitis

Question 44

osteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis,

Answer 44

garre osteomyelitis

Question 45

PROLIFERATIVE PERIOSTITIS a periosteal rxn in which layers of

Answer 45

reactive vital bone are formed, producing cortical expansion

Question 46

PROLIFERATIVE PERIOSTITIS seen most frequently in

Answer 46

children and young adults in the mandibular molar and premolar area involving the lower bored or buccal cortex

Question 47

CONDENSING OSTEITIS (FOCAL CHRONIC SCLEROSING OSTEOMYELITIS)

Answer 47

localized area of bone sclerosis associated with the apices of teeth with pulpal disease

Question 48

CONDENSING OSTEITIS (FOCAL CHRONIC SCLEROSING OSTEOMYELITIS) seen most frequently in

Answer 48

children and young adults involving the mandibular molars and premolars

Question 49

A c t inomyces s p e cies (2)

Answer 49

▪ Actinomyces israelii ▪ Actinomyces viscosus

Question 50

F i lam entous b a c teria (3)

Answer 50

▪ Branching ▪ Gram positive ▪ Anaerobic

Question 51

ACTINOMYCOSIS – “RAY FUNGUS” (3)

Answer 51

actinomyces species filamentous bacteria normal oral flora

Question 52

CLASSIFICATION OF ACTINOMYCOSIS  C e r vico - Faci al –  A b d omino - p elvic –  P u l monar y –

Answer 52

55 % 25 % 15 %

Question 53

CERVICO-FACIAL ACTINOMYCOSIS A r e a o f p r i o r t r a u m a – e n t r y f o r o r g a n i s m (5)

Answer 53

▪ Sof t tissue injur y ▪ Periodontal poc ket ▪ Non -vital tooth ▪ Extraction soc ket ▪ Infected tonsil

Question 54

CERVICO-FACIAL ACTINOMYCOSIS direct extension through

Answer 54

soft tissue

Question 55

CERVICO-FACIAL ACTINOMYCOSIS disregards (2)

Answer 55

fascial planes, lymphatics

Question 56

CERVICO-FACIAL ACTINOMYCOSIS induration and fibrosis

Answer 56

woody

Question 57

CERVICO-FACIAL ACTINOMYCOSIS draining

Answer 57

sinus tracts

Question 58

CERVICO-FACIAL ACTINOMYCOSIS suppuration with

Answer 58

sulfur granules