serology

Question 1

A

Answer 1

has A antigens, B antibodies, receive A and O, donate A and AB

Question 2

B

Answer 2

B antigens, A antibodies, receive B and O, donate B and AB

Question 3

AB

Answer 3

both A and B antigens, no antibodies, universal recipient, only donate AB

Question 4

O

Answer 4

no antigens, both A and B antibodies, only receive O, universal donor

Question 5

who discovered blood types

Answer 5

Karl Landsteiner (1901)

Question 6

what is the function of a RBC

Answer 6

carry oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and remove carbon dioxide from the tissues

Question 7

what is an antigen

Answer 7

protein that stimulates the body to produce antibodies against it

Question 8

Rh factor

Answer 8

determines whether the blood is positive or negative, discovered through the Rhesus Monkey

Question 9

serology

Answer 9

the study of antigen-antibody reactions

Question 10

what is an antibody

Answer 10

proteins that destroy or inactivate a specific antigen

Question 11

agglutination

Answer 11

when antibodies attach to antigens the blood clumps which usually results in death

Question 12

plasma

Answer 12

fluid portion of blood, composed primarily of water (55% of blood content)

Question 13

platelets

Answer 13

cells that help blood clot

Question 14

serum

Answer 14

yellowish liquid that separates from blood when it clots, contains antibodies

Question 15

white blood cells

Answer 15

important for immune health

Question 16

kastle-meyer color test

Answer 16

the phenolphthalein reacts with the blood and which causes a deep pink color to appear, may also react to vegetable like potatoes and horseradish

Question 17

hemastix strips

Answer 17

when wet with distilled water and placed on the stain will turn green

Question 18

luminol

Answer 18

does not produce color produces light, must be dark when you spray, capable of detecting blood that has been diluted up to 300,000 times, does not interfere with DNA testing, also reacts with bleach and copper

Question 19

precipitin test

Answer 19

when human blood is injected into an animal the human antibodies (from the rabbit) react with the human blood to neutralize its presence; can be layered, causing the different blood to to form a cloudy ring; gel diffusion takes advantage of that fact that anitgens and antibodies react

Question 20

what questions must an investigator ask when when examining blood stains

Answer 20

is it blood, is it human blood, whose blood is it