Serum Fluid

Question 1

The primary purpose of serous fluid is to:
A. Remove waste products
B. Lower capillary pressure
C. Lubricate serous membranes
D. Nourish serous membranes

Answer 1

C. Lubricate serous membranes

Question 2

The membrane that lines the wall of a cavity is the:
A. Visceral
B. Peritoneal
C. Pleural
D. Parietal

Answer 2

D. Parietal

Question 3

During normal production of serous fluid, the slight excess of fluid is:
A. Absorbed by the lymphatic system
B. Absorbed through the visceral capillaries
C. Stored in the mesothelial cells
D. Metabolized by the mesothelial cells

Answer 3

A. Absorbed by the lymphatic system

Question 4

Production of serous fluid is controlled by:
A. Capillary oncotic pressure
B. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
C. Capillary permeability
D. All of the above

Answer 4

D. All of the above

Question 5

An increase in the amount of serous fluid is called a/an:
A. Exudate
B. Transudate
C. Effusion
D. Malignancy

Answer 5

C. Effusion

Question 6

Pleural fluid is collected by:
A. Pleurocentesis
B. Paracentesis
C. Pericentesis
D. Thoracentesis

Answer 6

D. Thoracentesis

Question 7

IDENTIDY EITHER TRANSUDATE OR EXUDATE

Caused by increased hydrostatic pressure

Answer 7

Exudate

Question 8

IDENTIDY EITHER TRANSUDATE OR EXUDATE

Caused by increased capillary permeability

Answer 8

Transudate

Question 9

IDENTIDY EITHER TRANSUDATE OR EXUDATE

Caused by decreased oncotic pressure

Answer 9

Transudate

Question 10

IDENTIDY EITHER TRANSUDATE OR EXUDATE

Caused by congestive heart failure

Answer 10

Transudate

Question 11

IDENTIDY EITHER TRANSUDATE OR EXUDATE

Malignancy related

Answer 11

Exudate

Question 12

IDENTIDY EITHER TRANSUDATE OR EXUDATE

Tuberculosis related

Answer 12

Exudate

Question 13

IDENTIDY EITHER TRANSUDATE OR EXUDATE

Endocarditis related

Answer 13

Exudate

Question 14

IDENTIDY EITHER TRANSUDATE OR EXUDATE

Clear appearance

Answer 14

Transudate

Question 15

Fluid: serum protein and lactic dehydrogenase ratios are
performed on serous fluids:
A. When malignancy is suspected
B. To classify transudates and exudates
C. To determine the type of serous fluid
D. When a traumatic tap has occurred

Answer 15

B. To classify transudates and exudates

Question 16

Which of the following requires the most additional
testing?
A. Transudate
B. Exudate

Answer 16

B. Exudate

Question 17

An additional test performed on pleural fluid to classify
the fluid as a transudate or exudate is the:
A. WBC count
B. RBC count
C. Fluid:cholesterol ratio
D. Fluid-to-serum protein gradien

Answer 17

C. Fluid:cholesterol ratio

Question 18

A milky-appearing pleural fluid indicates:
A. Thoracic duct leakage
B. Chronic inflammation
C. Microbial infection
D. Both A and B

Answer 18

D. Both A and B

Question 19

Which of the following best represents a hemothorax?
A. Blood HCT: 42 Fluid HCT: 15
B. Blood HCT: 42 Fluid HCT: 10
C. Blood HCT: 30 Fluid HCT: 10
D. Blood HCT: 30 Fluid HCT: 20

Answer 19

D. Blood HCT: 30 Fluid HCT: 20

Question 20

All of the following are normal cells seen in pleural fluid
except:
A. Mesothelial cells
B. Neutrophils
C. Lymphocytes
D. Mesothelioma cells

Answer 20

D. Mesothelioma cells

Question 21

A differential observation of pleural fluid associated with
tuberculosis is:
A. Increased neutrophils
B. Decreased lymphocytes
C. Decreased mesothelial cells
D. Increased mesothelial cells

Answer 21

C. Decreased mesothelial cells

Question 22

All of the following are characteristics of malignant cells
except:
A. Cytoplasmic molding
B. Absence of nucleoli
C. Mucin-containing vacuoles
D. Increased nucleus:cytoplasm ratio

Answer 22

B. Absence of nucleoli

Question 23

A pleural fluid pH of 6.0 indicates:
A. Esophageal rupture
B. Mesothelioma
C. Malignancy
D. Rheumatoid effusion

Answer 23

A. Esophageal rupture

Question 24

Plasma cells seen in pleural fluid indicate:
A. Bacterial endocarditis
B. Primary malignancy
C. Metastatic lung malignancy
D. Tuberculosis infection

Answer 24

D. Tuberculosis infection

Question 25

A significant cell found in pericardial or pleural fluid that should be referred to cytology is a: A. Reactive lymphocyte B. Mesothelioma cell C. Monocyte D. Mesothelial cell

Answer 25

B. Mesothelioma cell

Question 26

Another name for a peritoneal effusion is: A. Peritonitis B. Lavage C. Ascites D. Cirrhosis

Answer 26

C. Ascites

Question 27

A test performed primarily on peritoneal lavage fluid is a/an: A. WBC count B. RBC count C. Absolute neutrophil count D. Amylase

Answer 27

B. RBC count

Question 28

The recommended test for determining whether peritoneal fluid is a transudate or an exudate is the: A. Fluid:serum albumin ratio B. Serum ascites albumin gradient C. Fluid:serum lactic dehydrogenase ratio D. Absolute neutrophil count

Answer 28

B. Serum ascites albumin gradient

Question 29

Given the following results, classify this peritoneal fluid: serum albumin, 2.2 g/dL; serum protein, 6.0 g/dL; fluid albumin, 1.6 g/dL. A. Transudate B. Exudate

Answer 29

B. Exudate

Question 30

Differentiation between bacterial peritonitis and cirrhosis is done by performing a/an: A. WBC count B. Differential C. Absolute neutrophil count D. Absolute lymphocyte count

Answer 30

C. Absolute neutrophil count

Question 31

Detection of the CA 125 tumor marker in peritoneal fluid indicates: A. Colon cancer B. Ovarian cancer C. Gastric malignancy D. Prostate cancer

Answer 31

B. Ovarian cancer

Question 32

Chemical tests primarily performed on peritoneal fluid include all of the following except: A. Amylase B. Glucose C. Alkaline phosphatase D. Calcium

Answer 32

D. Calcium

Question 33

Cultures of peritoneal fluid are incubated: A. Aerobically B. Anaerobically C. At 37°C and 42°C D. Both A and B

Answer 33

D. Both A and B