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Population And Social Science > Session 4: Health Behavior > Flashcards

Session 4: Health Behavior Flashcards

1
Q

What is health-related behavior?

A

Anything that may promote good health or lead to illness

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2
Q

What are the 3 theories that help understand people’s health related behavior?

A
  1. Learning theories
  2. Social cognition models
  3. Integrative model - COM-B
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3
Q

What are 2 learning theories?

A

Classical conditioning, operant conditioning and social learning

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4
Q

What is classical conditioning?

A

Learning by associating environmental or emotional cues to certain behavior

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5
Q

How do you use classical conditioning to change health behavior?

A

Identifying cues and avoid them

Change association with cues

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6
Q

What is operant conditioning?

A

People learn what behavior is good or bad based on the consequences (reward of punishment)

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7
Q

What is an example of classical conditioning?

A

Cues with connection to using drugs can trigger behavior and lead to relapse when quitting

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8
Q

What is an example of how to use classical conditioning to change health behavior?

A

Alcohol + medication to induce nausea causes negative associations

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9
Q

What is an example of operant conditioning?

A

People are driven by short term rewards like drugs or alcohol but avoid short term negative consequences when quitting

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10
Q

What is an example of using operant conditioning to change health behavior?

A

Financial incentive strategies for maintenance of weight loss

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11
Q

What are 3 limitations of conditioning theories?

A
  1. Based on simple stimulus-response associations
  2. No account of cognitive processes, knowledge, beliefs etc
  3. No account of social context
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12
Q

What is social learning theory?

A

People can learn vicariously - observing and then modeling

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13
Q

How does social learning theory work?

A

It is goal directed, people are motivated to perform behaviors that are valued and they believe they can enact (rewards+self-efficacy). We learn what behaviors are rewarded, how likely it is we can perform it from observing others, so role models that are more effective is if they are high status or like us

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14
Q

How does social learning theory affect health-related behavior negatively?

A

People around us like family, friends, celebrities are our role models, and that can teach us to do harmful behaviors like drinking and drug use

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15
Q

How can social learning theory be used to promote health-relayed behavior?

A

Celebrities in health promotion campaigns

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16
Q

What are 3 social cognition models?

A
  1. Cognitive dissonance theory
  2. Health belief model
  3. Theory of planned behavior
17
Q

What is the cognitive dissonance theory?

A

People feel discomfort when their beliefs are inconsistent or when actions or events around them don’t match their beliefs, so they end up changing beliefs or behavior to reduce discomfort

18
Q

What is an example of how cognitive dissonance theory is used to promote health-related behavior?

A

Providing uncomfortable health information creates mental discomfort and can prompt change in behavior

19
Q

What is the 2 components of the health belief model?

A
  1. Beliefs about health threat (perceived susceptibility and severity)
  2. Beliefs about health-related behavior (perceived benefits and barriers)
20
Q

What is the health belief model used for?

A

Help us understand why people make a decision in terms of healthcare

21
Q

What are the 3 components of theory of planned behavior?

A
  1. Attitude toward behavior
  2. Subjective norm
  3. Perceived control
22
Q

What is the intention behavior gap?

A

Inability to translate intention into behavior

23
Q

What are the 3 steps of an integrative model for targeted intervention?

A
  1. Specify behavior to be changed
  2. Understand nature of behavior and underpinning influences
  3. Choose behavior change technique matched to diagnosis
24
Q

What are 3 reasons why people don’t behave in ways that promote health?

A
  1. Lack of capability (inadequate knowledge)
  2. Insufficient opportunity
  3. Motivation at key moments to engage in healthy behavior is lacking bc healthy usually difficult, unhealthy usually enjoyable
25
Q

What is the COM-B model?

A

Provides an integrated theory of health behavior that can be used to diagnose barriers of change, and design tailored interventions

26
Q

What are 6 factors of capability include?

A
  1. Physical capability
  2. Psychological capability
  3. Knowledge
  4. Skill
  5. Strength
  6. Stamina
27
Q

What are 4 factors of motivation?

A

Plans, evaluations, desires and impulses

28
Q

What 3 kinds of opportunities are there?

A

Time, resources, prompts

Population And Social Science (8 decks)

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