Session 4_May21_Prework Flashcards
Colorectal Cancer and Pancreatic Cancer (31 cards)
When would you expect acute side effects to H&N radiation to start developing?
2-4 weeks after initiation of radiation
When would you expect acute side effects to H&N radiation to hit its peak?
Right at the completion of Radiation therapy
When would you expect acute side effects to H&N radiation to start getting better?
1-3 weeks after radiation is completed
For radiation to treat bone pain, when would you expect pain to improve?
2 weeks to 2 months later
What is maintenance therapy?
is usually long-term and aims to sustain disease control and prolong survival. So this doesn’t always mean the cancer is gone - but maybe it’s stable, and the goal here is to keep it stable.
What is adjuvant therapy?
Treatment given after surgical intervention.
What is neoadjuvant therapy?
Treatment given before surgical intervention.
IO
Immuno-oncology, Immunotherapy
PD-1 and CTLA-4
Examples of immune checkpoints, expressed on T-cells
Immune Checkpoints
Regulatory proteins (PD-1, CTLA-4) which, when bound to corresponding ligand on another tissue (ie cancer), turns off the immune response.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Type of immunotherapy that blocks immune checkpoints, allowing T-cells to recognize and attack cancer cells. Enhances anti-tumor immune response.
Differentiate between immunotherapy and targeted therapy.
Immunotherapy exploits the patient’s immune system to fight cancer, while targeted therapy targets specific molecules or pathways in the cancerous tissue.
What is targeted therapy?
Small molecule inhibitor that go inside the cancer cell to block oncogenes that are essential for tumor proliferation or survival.
If a patient will respond to targeted therapies, how quickly might they start noticing an improvement?
Days to weeks
If a patient will respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors, how quickly might you notice an improvement?
weeks to months
What does oligometastatic mean?
The cancer has metastasized to 1 or 2 organs and the lesions are discreet and easy to target.
What does FOLFOX refer to?
First line chemotherapy for metastatic Colorectal cancer
What are common side effects of Oxaliplatin?
the OX in FOLFOX: Oxaliplatin has distinct side effects including neuropathy and temperature sensitivity.
What does it mean to be RAS (or BRAF) Wildtype?
Meaning the cancer doesn’t have any mutations to it
When a patient with metastatic NSCLC has a targetable mutation, does it improve or worsen prognosis?
It improves prognosis
What does dMMR stand for?
Mismatch Repair deficient
What does pMMR stand for?
Mismatch Repair proficient
What does MSI-H stand for?
Microsatellite Instability - High
What does MSS stand for?
Microsatellite Stable
