Session 8-Blood Borne Viruses:Hep Flashcards Preview

Semester 2-Infection > Session 8-Blood Borne Viruses:Hep > Flashcards

Flashcards in Session 8-Blood Borne Viruses:Hep Deck (21)
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1
Q

What is hepatitis?

A

Inflammation of the liver

2
Q

What is cholestatic jaundice?

A

Bile is static, isn’t moving

3
Q

What is intrahepatic jaundice?

A

Problem with hepatocytes

4
Q

What is extrahepatic jaundice?

A

Obstruction of bile flow

5
Q

True or false: alanine transaminase (ALT) is more sensitive than aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

A

TRUE

6
Q

What are the tests of coagulation?

A
  • INR (international normalised ratio)

- Prothrombin time (PT)

7
Q

What does an elevated ALT level indicate?

A

Problem lies within hepatocytes -> intrahepatic jaundice

8
Q

What does an elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) test indicate?

A

Problem with bile flow so extrahepatic jaundice

9
Q

Who is at risk of contracting Hep B?

A
  • sexual contact
  • people who inject drugs
  • close household contacts
  • health care workers via needle stick injuries
10
Q

What are the symptoms of acute Hep B?

A
  • jaundice
  • fatigue
  • abdominal pain
  • anorexia/nausea/vomiting
  • arthralgia (pain in joint)
11
Q

Describe the sequence of antigens and antibodies in a Hep B infection

A

1) HBsAg (surface antigen)
2) HBeAg (e-antigen) - highly infectious
3) HBcAb (core antibody) - IgM is the first antibody to appear
4) HBeAb (e-antibody)
5) HBsAb (surface antibody) - clearance of virus
6) HBcAb - IgG

12
Q

What is the definition of chronic Hep B infection?

A

Persistence of HBsAg after 6 months

13
Q

How can Hep B be treated?

A

Life-long anti-vitals to suppress viral replication

14
Q

Describe the Hep B vaccination

A

Genetically engineered surface antigen
3 doses and boosters if needed
Produces surface antibody response

15
Q

Who is at risk of contracting Hep C?

A
  • intravenous drug users
  • sexual contact
  • infants born to HCV positive mothers
  • blood transfusion before 1991
  • needlestick injuries to health care workers etc
16
Q

What % of patients with Hep C become chronically infected?

A

~80%

17
Q

Some patients who become chronically infected with Hep C develop chronic liver disease. What does this result in?

A
  • decompensated liver disease
  • hepatocellular carcinoma
  • transplant
  • death
18
Q

What % of patients with Hep C have vague symptoms and what are these symptoms?

A

~20%

  • fatigue
  • anorexia
  • nausea
  • abdominal pain
19
Q

Describe the serology of Hep C

A

Anti-Hep C antibody only

20
Q

True or false: Hep B can be cured

A

FALSE - Hep C can be, Hep B cannot

21
Q

How can Hep C be treated?

A

Directly acting antiviral drug combo for 8-12 weeks