Session 9 - Genital Tract Infections Flashcards Preview

Reproductive System > Session 9 - Genital Tract Infections > Flashcards

Flashcards in Session 9 - Genital Tract Infections Deck (36)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What are the factors affecting STI transmission?

A
Age (15-24 yrs highest incidence)
Ethnicity 
Socioeconomic class (poorer populations)
Age at first sexual intercourse
Number of partners
Sexual orientation (MSM)
Lack of condom use
2
Q

Give some examples of common STI and the organisms that cause them.

A
Chlamydia - chlamydia trachomatis 
Gonorrhoea - neisseria gonorrhoea 
Syphilis - treponema pallidum 
Genital warts - human papilloma virus 
Herpes - herpes simplex 1 and 2
Candidiasis - candida species
Scabies - sarcoptes scabei (not always transmitted sexually)
3
Q

Give some possible differentials for urethritis, cervicitis and abnormal discharge.

A

Chlamydia
Gonorrhoea
Bacterial vaginosis
Vulvovagina candidiasis

4
Q

Give some possible differentials for skin manifestions (of genital infections).

A

Anogenital warts

Scabies and pubic lice

5
Q

Give some possible differentials for genital ulceration.

A

Herpes

Syphilis

6
Q

Give some possible differentials for systemic presentations/complications of genital tract infections.

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Prostatitis
Sexually acquired reactive arthritis (SARA)

7
Q

What is dysuria?

A

Painful or difficult urination

8
Q

How does chlamydia present in males?

A
Mild urethritis
Dysuria
Epididymitis
Proctitis
Prostatitis
9
Q

How does chlamydia present in females?

A

Asymptomatic
Increased discharge
Post coital bleeds
Dyspareunia

10
Q

How does ocular inoculation of chlamydia present?

A

Manifests as conjunctivitis

11
Q

How does pharyngeal chlamydia present?

A

Asymptomatic

12
Q

How is chlamydia diagnosed in males?

A

Urine nucleic acid amplifications tests (NAAT)
Urethral swabs
Rectal and pharyngeal NAATs

13
Q

How is chlamydia diagnosed in females?

A

Vulvulovaginal swabs for NAAT

Urine, rectal and pharyngeal NAATs

14
Q

What treatment is given for chlamydia?

A

Doxycycline

15
Q

How does gonorrhoea present in males?

A

Urethral discharge
Dysuria
Anal discharge

16
Q

How does gonorrhoea present in females?

A

Asymptomatic
Altered discharge
Lower abdominal pain

17
Q

What is a possible complication of gonorrhoea?

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease

18
Q

How is gonorrhoea diagnosed?

A

Cultures
Microscopy of gram stain
Neisseria gonorrhoea is a gram negative diplococcus

19
Q

How is gonorrhoea managed?

A

IM ceftriaxone
Oral azithromycin

Combination presents resistance, co-infections and boosts the action of ceftriaxone

20
Q

How does genital herpes present?

A
Asymptomatic 
Painful ulceration 
Dysuria 
Vaginal discharge 
Fever and myalgia
21
Q

How is genital herpes diagnosed?

A

Virus detection of vesicle fluid

Serology

22
Q

What is serology?

A

Blood test looking for antibodies in serum.

23
Q

What treatment is given for genital herpes?

A

Acyclovir

24
Q

How does genital warts present?

A

Wart like lesions

25
Q

How is genital warts diagnosed?

A

Clinical (visual)

Biopsy of atypical lesions

26
Q

How is genital warts managed?

A

No treatment
Topical applications
Physical ablation

27
Q

Give some examples of non-sexually transmitted genital tract infections.

A

Scabies
Vulvovaginal candidiasis
Bacterial vaginosis

28
Q

How does scabies present?

A

Itchy external vagina

Itchy external genitalia

29
Q

How is scabies diagnosed?

A

Visual

30
Q

How is scabies treated?

A

Permethprim

31
Q

How does vulvovaginal candidiasis present?

A

Vaginal discharge
Vulval itch
Dyspareunia

32
Q

How is vulvovaginal candidiasis diagnosed?

A

Vaginal smear

Culture

33
Q

How is vulvovaginal candidiasis treated?

A

Topical or oral Azores

34
Q

How does bacterial vaginosis present?

A

Abnormal discharge

Fishy smell with no itch or soreness

35
Q

How is bacterial vaginosis diagnosed?

A

Vaginal smear and gram stain

36
Q

How is bacterial vaginosis treated?

A

Metronidazole