Session 9 ILO's - Haematology in systemic disease Flashcards
Explain the common haematological abnormalities that can occur in patients with non-haematological systemic diseases
Describe the clinical and haematological features of the anaemia of chronic disease and explain how this is distinguished from iron deficiency
Describe the common causes and clinical significance of neutropenia, neutrophilia, lymphocytosis and eosinophilia
Describe the main features of control systems in the body.
Initial stimulus, detected by a receptor, which then communicates to the control centre through an afferent pathway
The control centre feeds back to the effector organs/glands via the efferent pathway and causes negative feedback on the stimulus
Communication pathways can be through either the nervous system (action potentials) or the endocrine system (hormones)
Discuss examples of biological rhythms.
Circadian (diurnal) rhythms:
- Core body temperature
- Cortisol
- Melatonin
- Set point of control centre can vary
- Circadian (or diurnal) rhythm
- “Biological clock” in brain in small group of neurones in suprachiasmatic nucleus
- Cues from the environment (Zeitgebers) keep body on a 24 hour cycle.
- Light
- Temperature
- Social interaction
- Exercise
- Eating/drinking pattern
- Long haul flights crossing time zones can result in mismatch between environmental cues and body clock causing jet lag
- Hormone melatonin from pineal gland involved in setting biological clock
Define the term ‘hormone’ and
- Hormones are chemical signals produced in endocrine glands or tissues that travel in the bloodstream to cause an effect on other tissues
List the features of communication processes involving hormones.
List the classes of chemical substances which can act as hormones.
Describe how hormones are transported and act upon target cells
Explain, in general terms, the ways in which hormone secretion may be controlled.
Describe in outline the control of appetite.
Discuss the hormones involved in the control of appetite.
