Set 1 Flashcards
(188 cards)
1
Q
間違い (まちがい), ミス (みす)
A
(a/the) mistake
2
Q
大きな間違い (おおきなまちがい), 大きなミス (おおきなみす)
A
(a/the) big mistake
3
Q
脱線する (だっせんする) (suru-verb)
A
to derail
4
Q
為る (する) (suru-verb)
A
to do something, to carry something out, to perform something (a task)
5
Q
来る (くる) (kuru-verb), 來る (くる) (kuru-verb)
A
to come, to come back, to come to be, to come from, to be caused by, to do (something) and come back, to come to (to refer to - like “en cuanto a”)
6
Q
勉強する (べんきょうする) (suru-verb)
A
to study something
7
Q
書く (かく) (u-verb)
A
to write something, to compose something, to pen something (write something), to draw something, to paint something
8
Q
散歩する (さんぽする) (suru-verb)
A
to walk, to stroll
9
Q
段動詞 (いちだんどうし)
A
(a/the) one-form verb (verb with infinitive ending in -eru or -iru - base stays the same when conjugated)
10
Q
話す (はなす) (u-verb)
A
to speak, to converse, to chat, to speak a language, to narrate, to explain
11
Q
買う (かう) (u-verb)
A
to buy something, to purchase something, to value something, to have a high opinion of something, to provoke something, to stir something (provoke something)
12
Q
読む (よむ) (u-verb)
A
to read something (general or thoughts), to recite something, to chant something, to predict something, to guess something, to forecast something, to see something (eg into someone’s heart), to divine something, to decipher something, to count something, to estimate something
13
Q
飛ぶ (とぶ) (u-verb)
A
to fly, to soar, to jump (general OR topics when talking), to leap, to spring, to bound, to spatter, to scatter, to splash, to fly (eg of sparks/catcalls/rumors), to hurry, to rush, to flee, to run off, to escape, to disappear, to vanish, to fade, to thin out, to break off, to come off, to fall off, to blow (of a fuse), to be sent out (of an order), to come flying (of a punch/kick/etc), to be missing (of a page/stitch/etc)
14
Q
五段動詞 (ごだんどうし)
A
(a/the) five-form verb (verb ending in U whose final letter changes to A, E, I, or O when conjugated)
15
Q
寝る (ねる) (ru-verb), 眠る (ねむる) (u-verb)
A
to sleep
16
Q
寝る (ねる) (ru-verb)
A
to sleep, to go to bed, to lie in bed, to lie down, to sleep with someone, to lie flat (eg of hair), to lie idle (of funds/stock/etc), to ferment
17
Q
眠る (ねむる) (u-verb)
A
to sleep, to die, to rest (die), to lie (buried), to lie idle (eg of resources), to lie unused, to lie untapped, to lie untouched
18
Q
着る (きる) (ru-verb)
A
to wear something, to put something on, to take something (blame/responsibility), to bear something (blame/responsibility)
19
Q
死ぬ (しぬ) (u-verb)
A
to die, to pass away, to lose spirit, to lose vigor, to look dead, to cease, to stop
20
Q
答える (こたえる) (ru-verb)
A
to answer, to reply (both intransitive)
21
Q
出来る (できる) (ru-verb)
A
to be able to do something, to be up to the task, to be ready, to be completed, to be made, to be built, to be good at something, to be permitted to do something, to become intimate, to take up (with someone), to grow, to be raised (eg of crops), to become pregnant (all usually written just with hiragana)
22
Q
丁寧語 (ていねいご)
A
polite language (masu and desu forms; used with people you aren’t intimate with and people socially higher than you)
23
Q
masu form (ます) - formal present, future
A
U-verbs: change the u-kana to the corresponding i-kana and attach ます to the verb stem (話す becomes 話します)
Ru-verbs: attach ます to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べます)
Irregular verbs: attach ます to the verb stem (勉強する becomes 勉強します)
24
Q
masen form (ません) - formal negative present, future
A
U-verbs: change the u-kana to the corresponding i-kana and attach ません to the verb stem (話す becomes 話しません)
Ru-verbs: attach ません to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べません)
Irregular verbs: attach ません to the verb stem (勉強する becomes 勉強しません)
25
mashita form (ました) - formal past
U-verbs: change the u-kana to the corresponding i-kana and attach ました to the verb stem (描く becomes 描きました)
Ru-verbs: attach ました to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べました)
Irregular verbs: attach ました to the verb stem (勉強する becomes 勉強しました)
26
描く (えがく or かく) (u-verb), 画く (えがく or かく) (u-verb)
to draw something, to paint something, to sketch something, to depict something, to describe something, to imagine something
27
masendeshita form (ませんでした) - formal negative past
U-verbs: change the u-kana to the corresponding i-kana and attach ませんでした to the verb stem (描く becomes 描きませんでした)
Ru-verbs: attach ませんでした to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べませんでした)
Irregular verbs: attach ませんでした to the verb stem (勉強する becomes 勉強しませんでした)
28
終止形 (しゅうしけい), 辞書形 (じしょけい)
the plain form, the dictionary form (form of Japanese verb listed in dictionary) - use is colloquial (family/friends/very close colleagues only); usually write in plain form UNLESS writing is addressed to a specific reader (use plain form for newspapers, academic papers, informative documents, etc.); expresses simple declarative sentences in present + future
29
吸う (すう) (u-verb), 喫う (すう) (u-verb)
to smoke something, to breathe something in, to inhale something, to suck something, to sip something, to slurp something, to absorb something, to soak something up, to kiss someone/something
30
脱ぐ (ぬぐ) (u-verb)
to take something off (clothing), to undress
31
待つ (まつ) (u-verb), 俟つ (まつ) (u-verb)
to wait (intransitive or transitive - for something), to await something, to look forward to something, to anticipate something, to depend on something, to need something
32
呼ぶ (よぶ) (u-verb), 喚ぶ (よぶ) (u-verb)
to call out to someone, to call someone/something, to invoke someone/something, to summon someone (eg a doctor), to invite someone, to designate something, to name something (designate), to brand something (designate), to garner something (eg support), to gather something (eg support), to take someone as one's wife (archaic meaning)
33
料理する (りょうりする) (suru-verb)
to cook something, to easily deal with something, to handle something well
34
nai form - negative plain form; same uses/audience as plain form
U-verbs:
1. U-vowel changes to A (話す becomes 話さない)
2. Words that end with U replace う with わ (吸う becomes 吸わない)
Ru-verbs: attach ない to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べない)
Irregular verbs:
1. する becomes しない (勉強する becomes 勉強しない)
2. くる becomes こない (くる becomes こない)
35
ta form - plain past affirmative; same audience as plain form
U-verbs:
1. if the last hiragana is う,つ, or る, add った to the verb stem (笑う becomes 笑った)
2. if the last hiragana is む, ぶ, or ぬ, add んだ to the verb stem (読む becomes 読んだ)
3. if the last hiragana is く, add いた to the verb stem (行く becomes 行った)
4. if the last hiragana is ぐ, add いだ to the verb stem (泳ぐ becomes 泳いだ)
5. if the last hiragana is す, add した to the verb stem (隠す becomes 隠した)
Ru-verbs: attach た to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べた)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: attach た to the verb stem (勉強する becomes 勉強した)
2. くる: attach た to the verb stem (くる becomes 来た)
36
笑う (わらう) (u-verb), 嗤う (わらう) (u-verb), 咲う (わらう) (u-verb), 哂う (わらう) (u-verb)
to laugh, to smile, to sneer, to ridicule, to be dumbfounded, to be flabbergasted
37
泳ぐ (およぐ) (u-verb), 游ぐ (およぐ) (u-verb)
to swim, to struggle through a crowd, to make one's way through the world, to get along (in life), to totter, to lose one's balance
38
隠す (かくす) (u-verb), 隠くす (かくす) (u-verb), 匿す (かくす) (u-verb), 隱す (かくす) (u-verb)
to hide something, to conceal something
39
nakatta form - plain past negative; same audience as plain form
start from nai form stem and add katta
U-verbs:
1. U-vowel changes to A, then add なかった (話す becomes 話さなかった)
2. Words that end with U replace う with わ, then add なかった (笑う becomes 笑わなかった)
Ru-verbs: attach なかった to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べなかった)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: attach なかった to the verb stem (勉強する becomes 勉強しなかった)
2. くる: change く to こ and attach なかった (くる becomes こなかった)
40
食事 (しょくじ)
(a/the) meal, (a/the) dinner, (a/the) diet
41
affirmative te form - connect clauses (e.g. list successive actions or show causality between events) OR make polite requests; te-form verbs end subordinate clauses, but when speaking may be used to trail off
same as ta form but ending with te instead of ta
U-verbs:
1. if the last hiragana is う,つ, or る, add って to the verb stem (吸う becomes 吸って)
2. if the last hiragana is む, ぶ, or ぬ, add んで to the verb stem (読む becomes 読んで)
3. if the last hiragana is く, add いて to the verb stem (行く becomes 行って)
4. if the last hiragana is ぐ, add いで to the verb stem (泳ぐ becomes 泳いで)
5. if the last hiragana is す, add して to the verb stem (隠す becomes 隠して)
Ru-verbs: attach て to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べて)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: attach て to the verb stem (勉強する becomes 勉強して)
2. くる: attach て to the verb stem (くる becomes きて)
42
negative te form - same uses as affirmative te form
U-verbs: start with nai form but change ない to なくて (話す has the nai form 話さない which becomes 話さなくて )
Ru-verbs: attach ないで to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べないで)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: attach ないで to the verb stem (する becomes しないで)
2. くる: change く to こ and attach ないで to the verb stem (くる becomes こないで)
43
affirmative ba form - general conditional often used to give/ask for advice or express regret; cannot express intention (e.g. commands, requests, invitations, wishes)
U-verbs:
1. if the last hiragana is う,つ, or る, add えば to the verb stem (吸う becomes 吸えば)
2. if the last hiragana is む, ぶ, or ぬ, add めば to the verb stem (読む becomes 読めば)
3. if the last hiragana is く, add いけば to the verb stem (行く becomes 行けば)
4. if the last hiragana is ぐ, add げば to the verb stem (泳ぐ becomes 泳げば)
5. if the last hiragana is す, add せば to the verb stem (隠す becomes 隠せば)
Ru-verbs: attach れば to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べれば)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: attach れば to the verb stem (す) (こうする becomes こうすれば)
2. くる: change く to こ and attach れば to the verb stem (くる becomes これば)
44
なければならない
to have to, to ought to, must, should
45
抗する (こうする) (suru-verb)
to resist (intransitive), to defy (intransitive)
46
negative ba form - rarely used outside of idiomatic expressions
U-verbs: start with nai form, drop the い, and attach ければ to the verb stem (話す becomes 話さなければ)
Ru-verbs: attach なければ to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べなければ)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: attach なければ to the verb stem (勉強する becomes 勉強しなければ)
2. くる: change く to こ and attach なければ to the verb stem (くる becomes こなければ)
47
affirmative tara form - conditional "if" with focus on what happens after condition is realized (or not), can express what will happen in the future if conditions are met, also expresses unrealistic propositions
U-verbs:
1. if the last hiragana is う,つ, or る, add ったら to the verb stem (吸う becomes 笑ったら)
2. if the last hiragana is む, ぶ, or ぬ, add んだら to the verb stem (読む becomes 読んだら)
3. if the last hiragana is く, add いたら to the verb stem (行く becomes 行ったら)
4. if the last hiragana is ぐ, add いだら to the verb stem (泳ぐ becomes 泳いだら)
5. if the last hiragana is す, add したら to the verb stem (隠す becomes 隠したら)
Ru-verbs: add たら to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べたら)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: add たら to the verb stem (する becomes したら)
2. くる: add たら to the verb stem (くる becomes きたら)
48
negative tara form - same uses as affirmative tara form
U-verbs: start with なかった form and add ら (話す becomes 話さなかったら)
Ru-verbs: add なかったら to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べなかったら)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: add なかったら to the verb stem (する becomes しなかったら)
2. くる: add なかったら to the verb stem (くる becomes こなかったら)
49
imperative form - considered rude, mostly used by authority figures and on public road signs, limited to extreme contexts when you must give orders + have no time for politeness/formality
U-verbs: U becomes E (話す becomes 話せ)
Ru-verbs: る becomes ろ (食べる becomes 食べろ)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: add ろ to the verb stem (勉強する becomes 勉強しろ)
2. くる: irregular form (くる becomes こい)
50
止まれ (とまれ)
stop (specifically on road signs)
51
nasai form - formal command form but be careful not to offend
U-verbs: add なさい to the verb stem (話す becomes 話しなさい)
Ru-verbs: add なさい to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べなさい)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: add なさい to the verb stem (勉強する becomes 勉強しなさい)
2. くる: add なさい to the verb stem (くる becomes きなさい)
52
plain volitional form - suggestions/intention ("let's", "shall we"), can also mark that you are making an effort/attempt to do something (e.g. "I've decided to"/"I'd like to")
U-verbs: U becomes O, then add う (話す becomes 話そう)
Ru-verbs: add よう to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べよう)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: add よう to the verb stem (勉強する becomes 勉強しよう)
2. くる: change く to こ, then add よう (くる becomes こよう)
53
formal volitional form - same uses as plain volitional but more formal
U-verbs: add ましょう to the verb stem (話す becomes 話しましょう)
Ru-verbs: add ましょう to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べましょう)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: add ましょう to the verb stem (勉強する becomes 勉強しましょう)
2. くる: add ましょう to the verb stem (くる becomes 来ましょう)
54
皆さん (みなさん)
all, everyone, everybody
55
potential form - adds "can" form to a verb, particle を becomes が when these verbs are used
U-verbs: U becomes E, then add る (話す becomes 話せる)
Ru-verbs: add られる to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べられる)
*note: speakers may shorten られる to れる (食べる becomes 食べれる); however, this is colloquial and gramatically incorrect
Irregular verbs:
1. する: する becomes できる
2. くる: change く to こ, then add られる (くる becomes こられる)
56
日本語が話せるようになった (にほんごがはなせるようになった)
I can speak Japanese
57
passive form - used commonly + when the action/consequences are more important than the doer, also used to increase politeness/modesty
U-verbs: U becomes A, then add れる (聞く becomes 聞かれる = was asked)
Ru-verbs: attach られる to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べられた = was eaten)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: add れる to stem される (掃除する becomes 掃除される = is cleaned)
2. くる: add られる to stem こ (くる becomes こられる = is visited)
58
聞く (きく) (u-verb)
to hear something (general or a plea), to listen to something (eg music), to ask something (in legal contexts), to query something (in legal contexts), to hear about/of something, to learn of something, to follow something (advice/orders/etc), to obey something, to comply with something, to grant something, to accept something (eg an argument), to consider something, to smell something (eg incense), to sample something (a fragrance), to taste something (alcohol), to try something (alcohol)
59
教師は答えを聞かれる
The teacher is asked the answer
60
掃除する (そうじする) (suru-verb)
to clean something, to sweep something, to dust something, to scrub something
61
causative form - expresses that you made/let someone do an action or prevented them from doing it (ie you are the cause of something happening/not happening - think in terms of "make" or "let")
U-verbs: U becomes A, then add せる (話す becomes 話させる)
Ru-verbs: add させる to the verb stem (食べる becomes 食べさせる)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: add させる to the verb stem ( 勉強する becomes 勉強させる)
2. くる: く becomes こ, then add させる to the verb stem (くる becomes こさせる)
62
causative passive form - the action of making someone do, letting someone do or preventing someone to do was done to that person; extreme negative connotation because the speaker has no control over the situation; used with verbs like "to recall," "to feel," "to conceive," or "to think" (ie "I am made to think this" type sentences)
U-verbs: U becomes A, then add せられる (思い出す becomes 思い出させられる)
Ru-verbs: add させられる to the verb stem (見せる becomes 見させられる)
Irregular verbs:
1. する: add させられる to the verb stem (残業する becomes 残業させられる)
2. くる: add させられる to the verb stem (くる becomes 来させられる)
63
思い出す (おもいだす) (u-verb)
to recall something, to remember something, to recollect something
64
見せる (みせる) (ru-verb)
to show something, to display something, to make something look (+adjective), to make something entertaining/worth watching, to make a show of doing something (followed by the -te form of a verb), to resolve to do something, to do something at any cost, to show others that one will do something
65
残業する (ざんぎょうする) (suru-verb)
to work overtime
66
待つ身は長い (まつみはながい)
a watched pot never boils (time passes very slowly when one is waiting for something to happen if that is the only thing one is thinking about)
67
勉強しなければならない (べんきょうしなければならない)
I have to study
68
こうすると
having done this, if this is done, if it is done in this way
69
教師 (きょうし), 先生 (せんせい), 教員 (きょういん), 教官 (きょうかん)
(a/the) teacher
70
答え (こたえ), 答 (こたえ), 応え (こたえ), 報え (こたえ)
the answer, the reply, the response, the solution, the result
71
なくては, 無くては (なくては), ねば, にゃ, ないことには, ない事には (ないことには), 無くちゃ (なくちゃ)
unless (3rd is after -nai stem, 4th is colloquial, 5th and 6th are used with verb stem)
72
スクラブ剤 (すくらぶざい)
the exfoliator
73
次第 (しだい), 途端に (とたん), や, そばから, や否や (やいなや)
as soon as (1st is after a noun or -masu verb stem, 2nd is after verb past tense, 3rd is after dictionary verb form, 4th is after verb, 5th is after dictionary verb form)
74
大至急 (だいしきゅう), できるだけ早く (できるだけはやく), 至急 (しきゅう), なる早 (なるはや)
as soon as possible (last is colloquial)
75
投資家 (とうしか or とうししゃ), 出資者 (しゅっししゃ), 資本主 (しほんぬし), 資本主 (しほんしゅ), インベスター
(a/the) investor
76
良い (よい) (い-adjective), 無造作 (むぞうさ) (な-adjective)
ready
77
気さく (きさく) (な-adjective), やぶさかではない (い-adjective), やぶさかでない (い-adjective)
willing
78
傾く (かたむく) (u-verb), 傾ぐ (かしぐ) (u-verb)
to be disposed to, to incline toward, to slant, to lurch, to be prone to, to trend towardd
79
to make い-adjectives negative...
...drop い and add くない to the adjective stem
80
to make い-adjectives past tense...
...drop い and add かった to the adjective stem
81
to make い-adjectives negative past tense form...
...drop い and add くなかった to the adjective stem
82
to make な-adjectives negative...
...change だ to じゃない AND change です to ではない
83
to make な-adjectives past tense...
...change だ to だった OR change です to でした
84
to make な-adjectives negative past tense form...
...change だ to じゃなかった AND change です to ではなかった
85
い-adjectives usually end in...
い, NOT INCLUDING えい
86
な-adjectives usually end in...
anything other than い, INCLUDING えい
87
to use an い-adjective...
put it right before the noun
88
to use a な-adjective...
put it before the noun and add な between them (adjective + な + noun)
89
お腹空いた (おなかすいた)
I am hungry (works with all pronouns)
90
喉乾いた (のどかわいた)
I am thirsty (works with all pronouns)
91
少し (すこし)
a little
92
たくさん, 沢山 (たくさん)
a lot
93
すごい
amazing
94
だから, 其れで (それで), そこで, ですから, じゃあ, では
so (conjunction)
95
したがって, よって, ゆえに, だから, それで, ですから
therefore
96
そんなに, これほど, かくも
so (adverb - really/a lot)
97
こんなに, ああ
so (adverb - like so), like so, this way (like so)
98
言葉 (ことば), 句 (く), フレーズ, 文句 (もんく), せりふ, セリフ
(a/the) phrase
99
驚異 (きょうい), 驚愕 (きょうがく), 驚き (おどろき), 一驚 (いっきょう), 瞠若 (どうじゃく)
(a/the) amazement
100
驚き (おどろき), 驚愕 (きょうがく), 驚がく (きょうがく), 一驚 (いっきょう)
(a/the) surprise (emotion)
101
驚愕 (きょうがく), フライト, 畏怖 (いふ), 恐れ気 (おそれげ), 怖気 (おぞけ)
(a/the) fright (emotion) (1st is more surprise, others are more dread/fear)
102
起こす (おこす) (u-verb)
to raise something, to raise something up, to pick something up, to set something up, to wake something/someone, to wake something/someone up, to awaken something/someone, to cause something, to bring about something, to lead to something, to trigger something, to give rise to something, to generate something (heat/electricity), to produce something, to start something, to launch something (start), to establish something, to found something, to open something (eg a business), to plow something, to till something, to fall ill with something, to transcribe something, to turn over something (a card)
103
生じる (しょうじる) (ru-verb), 生ずる (しょうずる) (ru-verb), 作る (つくる) (u-verb), 取り出す (とりだす) (u-verb), 生む (うむ) (u-verb)
to produce something
104
生み出す (うみだす) (u-verb), 巻き起こす (まきおこす) (u-verb), 起こす (おこす) (u-verb), 作り上げる (つくりあげる) (ru-verb), 作り出す (つくりだす) (u-verb)
to create something (2nd is a sensation/controversy, rest are general)
105
連チャン (レンチャン)
(a/the) streak (repeated series of events), (a/the) repeated events (eg meetings/drinking sessions), (a/the) dealer continuing as dealer after winning (in mahjong)
106
好走 (こうそう)
(a/the) good run, (a/the) fine running, (a/the) running well (all in sports)
107
一陣 (いちじん), 一陣の風 (いちじんのかぜ)
(a/the) gust of wind
108
有卦 (うけ)
(a/the) streak of good luck
109
稼ぎ時 (かせぎどき)
(a/the) winning streak, (a/the) good time to make a profit
110
有卦に入る (うけにいる) (u-verb)
to have good luck
111
それだけに
it's precisely for that reason that..., which is precisely why...
112
羅針盤 (らしんばん), 磁石 (じしゃく), 方位磁石 (ほういじしゃく), 羅盤 (らばん), 羅針儀 (らしんぎ)
(a/the) compass
113
軍 (ぐん), 陸軍 (りくぐん), 兵 (へい), 方面隊 (ほうめんたい), 軍旅 (ぐんりょ)
(a/the) army
114
沁み沁み (しみじみ) (adverb taking と particle), 十分 (じゅうぶん) (fukushi adverb), 一々 (いちいち) (fukushi adverb), 詳しく (くわしく) (fukushi adverb), 確り (しっかり) (adverb taking と particle)
fully
115
丸っきり (まるっきり) (fukushi adverb), 一向に (いっこうに) (fukushi adverb), もろに (fukushi adverb), まるで (fukushi adverb), 残らず (のこらず) (fukushi adverb)
completely
116
散々(さんざん) (na-adjective/fukushi adverb), 徹頭徹尾 (てっとうてつび) (fukushi adverb), 十分 (じゅうぶん) (fukushi adverb), じっくり (fukushi adverb/adverb taking と particle), すっかり (fukushi adverb/adverb taking と particle)
thoroughly
117
によって, により, によると, よれば, に従って (にしたがって)
according to (3rd is only according to people, others are general)
118
途端 (とたん) (fukushi adverb), 途端に (とたんに) (fukushi adverb), 矢先に (やさきに) (fukushi adverb)
just as (time; 2nd is after past tense of verb, others are general)
119
次第 (しだい), に応じて (におうじて), 頼み (だのみ)
depending on (1st is after a noun, 2nd is after a noun, 3rd is used as a suffix)
120
要する (ようする) (suru-verb), 求める (もとめる) (ru-verb)
to demand something
121
要する (ようする) (suru-verb), 求める (もとめる) (ru-verb), 義務付ける (ぎむづける) (ru-verb), 必要とする (ひつようとする) (suru-verb)
to require something
122
課する (かする) (suru-verb), 課す (かす) (u-verb)
to levy something
123
必要とする (ひつようとする) (suru-verb)
to call for something, to need something, to require something
124
規則 (きそく), 決まり (きまり), 法則 (ほうそく), ルール, 約束 (やくそく)
(a/the) rule
125
標準 (ひょうじゅん), 規範 (きはん), 基準 (きじゅん), 規格 (きかく), 準縄 (じゅんじょう)
(a/the) norm
126
基準 (きじゅん), 標準 (ひょうじゅん), 規範 (きはん), 水準 (すいじゅん), 常規 (じょうき)
(a/the) standard
127
追加的 (ついかてき) (na-adjective)
additional
128
残んの (のこんの) (rentaishi adjective)
remaining
129
余分 (よぶん) (na-adjective), (余計) (よけい) (na-adjective)
extra
130
余計 (よけい) (na-adjective), あまりにも (fukushi adverb), 過大 (かだい) (na-adjective), あまり (fukushi adverb), 嫌というほど (いやというほど) (fukushi adverb)
too much
131
余計 (よけい) (na-adjective)
too much, too many
132
ある (u-verb), 位する (くらいする) (suru-verb)
to be located
133
立つ (たつ) (u-verb)
to find oneself (eg in a difficult situation), to rise, to stand, to stand up, to depart (on a plane/train/etc)
134
催す (もよおす) (u-verb)
to hold something (an event), to give something (dinner/party/etc), to feel something (sensation/emotion/call of nature/etc), to show signs of something (eg drowsiness)
135
代わりに (かわりに), にかわって, にかわり, せずに (fukushi adverb), せんと (fukushi adverb)
instead of
136
代わりに (かわりに)
in place of, instead of, as a substitute for, in exchange for, in return for
137
広場 (ひろば)
(a/the) square, (a/the) public square, (a/the) plaza, (a/the) piazza, (a/the) forum, (a/the) open space, (a/the) clearing, (a/the) town square
138
働き口 (はたらきぐち), 椅子 (いす), 職 (しょく)
(a/the) job position
139
博士号 (はかせごう)
(a/the) PhD, (a/the) doctorate, (a/the) doctor's degree
140
湧水 (ゆうすい)
(a/the) spring (of water), (a/the) welling of water
141
動く (うごく) (u-verb)
to act (function), to take action, to go into action, to make a move, to move, to stir (move), to shift, to shake, to swing, to operate, to run, to work, to go (to operate), to be touched (figurative), to be influenced, to change, to vary, to fluctuate, to waver, to be transferred
142
及ぼす (およぼす) (u-verb), 効果を上げる (こうかをあげる) (ru-verb), 響く (ひびく) (u-verb)
to have an effect (to function; 1st is transitive)
143
働く (はたらく) (u-verb)
to work (to labor or to function), to labor, to function, to operate, to be effective, to come into play, to commit a crime, to perpetrate something, to do something, to act, to be conjugated
144
メリーゴーランド, 回転木馬 (かいてんもくば)
(a/the) merry-go-round
145
メリーゴーランド, 回転木馬 (かいてんもくば), カルーセル
(a/the) carousel
146
異教徒 (いきょうと), 異端者 (いたんしゃ), 外道 (げどう)
(a/the) heretic
147
婉曲法 (えんきょくほう)
(a/the) circumlocution, (a/the) euphemism, (a/the) periphrasis (circumlocution)
148
クエーカー
(a/the) Quaker
149
ケータリング
the catering (the food itself), the (food) delivery
150
仕出し (しだし)
the catering (service), the food delivery service, the walk-on part (in a play or film), the background actor, the extra (background actor)
151
巻き髪 (まきがみ), 癖毛 (くせげ), 縮れ毛 (ちぢれげ), 巻き毛 (まきげ)
the curly hair
152
波立つ (なみだつ) (u-verb)
to be choppy (of waves), to be rough (of waves), to run high (of waves), to billow (of waves), to swell (of waves), to ripple (of waves), to wave (eg in the wind), to beat fast (of a heart), to be in turmoil, to be in discord, to have troubles, to experience problems
153
癖毛 (くせげ), 癖っ毛 (くせっけ). 縮れ毛 (ちぢれげ)
the frizzy hair, the curly hair, the kinky hair
154
ズバリ (fukushi adverb), ずばり (fukushi adverb), 極めて (きわめて) (fukushi adverb), 断然 (だんぜん) (fukushi adverb), 思い切って (おもいきって) (fukushi adverb)
decisively
155
思い切って (おもいきって) (fukushi adverb), 断然 (だんぜん) (fukushi adverb), 敢然 (かんぜん) (adverb taking と), 厳として (げんとして) (fukushi adverb), きっぱり (fukushi adverb or adverb taking と)
resolutely
156
キャラベル, キャラベル船 (キャラベルふね)
(a/the) caravel
157
記録 (きろく), レコード
(a/the) record (in sports)
158
記録 (きろく), 記載 (きさい)
(a/the) record (account of something)
159
語法 (ごほう), 統語論 (とうごろん), 構文法 (こうぶんぽう), 文章論 (ぶんしょうろん), シンタクス
the syntax (sentence structure)
160
性能 (せいのう), 業績 (ぎょうせき), 手際 (てぎわ), 働き (はたらき), 執行 (しっこう)
the performance (output)
161
技能 (ぎのう), 力 (ちから), 力量 (りきりょう), 器 (うつわ), 技量 (ぎりょう)
the capacity (ability/output)
162
生産高 (せいさんだか), 産出高 (さんしゅつだか)
the output (yield)
163
歩留まり (ぶどまり), 出来高 (できだか), 作 (さく)
the yield (output) (last is specifically of crops)
164
元を取る (もとをとる) (u-verb)
to recover a cost, to recover an expense, to get a return on one's investment, to get one's money's worth
165
係数 (けいすう), 数係数 (すうけいすう), 達率 (たつりつ)
(a/the) coefficient
166
速度 (そくど), ピッチ
(a/the) rate (of something happening/being done/changing/etc)
167
了解 (りょうかい), 理解 (りかい), 包含 (ほうがん), 悟り (さとり), 内包 (ないほう)
the comprehension
168
理解 (りかい), 心得 (こころえ), 認識 (にんしき), 把握 (はあく), 了解 (りょうかい)
the understanding (comprehension)
169
まぐろ, ツナ, チューナー
(a/the) tuna
170
旬 (しゅん) (na-adjective), アップツーデート (na-adjective)
up to date
171
朝飯前 (あさめしまえ)
easy as pie, a piece of cake, child's play, a cinch, very easy, before breakfast
172
パイ
(a/the) pie, (a/the) tart
173
おうむ, いんこ
(a/the) parrot (1st is for large parrots/cockatoos, 2nd is for small parrots/parakeets)
174
約束を破る (やくそくをやぶる) (phrase with u verb), 約束破る (やくそくやぶる) (phrase with u verb)
to go back on one's word
175
カワイソス, かわいそうに
what a pity (1st is Internet slang)
176
割合 (わりあい), パーセント, 比率 (ひりつ), 率 (りつ), 百分比 (ひゃくぶんひ)
(a/the) percentage
177
複雑 (ふくざつ) (na-adjective), 煩雑 (はんざつ) (na-adjective), 微妙 (びみょう) (na-adjective), ややこしい (i-adjective)
complex
178
複雑 (ふくざつ) (na-adjective), 難しい (むずかしい) (i-adjective), 煩わしい (わずらわしい) (i-adjective), 煩雑 (はんざつ) (na-adjective), ややこしい (i-adjective)
complicated
179
計算 (けいさん), 勘定 (かんじょう), 算出 (さんしゅつ), 算定 (さんてい), 算数 (さんすう)
(a/the) calculation
180
算数 (さんすう), 算術 (さんじゅつ), 算法 (さんぽう), アリスマティック
(the) arithmetic
181
微分積分学 (びぶんせきぶんがく), 計算式 (けいさんしき)
(the) calculus (math)
182
見積もり (みつもり), 見当 (けんとう), 予算 (よさん), 予定 (よてい), 推計 (すいけい)
(a/the) estimate (3rd is of costs, others are general)
183
安全 (あんぜん), 無事 (ぶじ), セキュリティ, 安全性 (あんぜんせい), 安定性 (あんていせい)
(the) security
184
安全 (あんぜん), 無事 (ぶじ), 安否 (あんぴ)
(the) safety
185
確実性 (かくじつせい), 確実度 (かくじつど)
(the) certainty
186
確信 (かくしん), 信念 (しんねん)
(the) (emotional/mental) conviction
187
自信 (じしん), 信用 (しんよう)
(the) confidence (1st is in oneself, 2nd is trust in others)
188
***next: sp random vocab - card 66 (ti mismo)
