Sex & Reproduction

Question 1

What sti can pass thru breadtmilk?

Answer 1

HIV

Question 2

STIs that cross the placenta in utero

Answer 2

Syphilis
HIV

Question 3

Consequences: HPV

Answer 3

Cervical cancers

Question 4

Consequences: gonorrhea

Answer 4

Infertility, newborn blindness/pneumonia

Question 5

Consequences: syphilis

Answer 5

Fetal birth defects

Question 6

Consequences: chlamydia

Answer 6

Infertility

Question 7

Consequences: Trichomoniasis

Answer 7

PID/endometritis

Question 8

Consequences: Hep B/C

Answer 8

Liver failure

Question 9

Primary vs secondary infertility

Answer 9

P: never been pregnant
S: been pregnant but can’t again

Question 10

Advanced maternal age/geriatric

Answer 10

35+ years old

Question 11

No live vaccines when?

Answer 11

During 1st semester, when fetal organs developing

Question 12

When is someone considered infertile?

Answer 12

After 12mo of trying

Question 13

What low hormones can lead to low sperm counts?

Answer 13

Testosterone
Lutenizing hormone

Question 14

Males causes of infertility

Answer 14

Low hormones
Extra X or Y chromosome depletion
Diabetes & cystic fibrosis
Undescended testicles (sperm too warm)
Infections/surgeries/sperm motility
Prostate issues
Heat exposure (tighty whitys)
Drugs/toxins/anabolic steroids
Obesity/Age 40+
Stress

Question 15

Infertility education. No…

Answer 15

Hot baths/tight clothing (women)
Lubricants
Don’t wear cell phone on hip
Smoking (pre-ages sperm/ova & causes miscarriages)

Question 16

Female causes of infertility

Answer 16

Polycystic ovary disease
Low thyroid/weight changes/obesity excessive exercise/stress/drugs
35-40+
Fibroids,polyps,2uterises
Prolactin levels
PID
Environmental toxins

Question 17

In vitro fertilization vs Artificial Insemination

Answer 17

Clomid/clomiphene Stimulates ovaries to mature eggs. Needle retrieves 🥚. Lab fertilizes 🥚, transferred usually multiple embryos to uterus.

AI: semen inserted close to uterus during ovulation.

Question 18

Clomid/clomiphene

Answer 18

Clomid/clomiphene Stimulates ovaries to mature eggs. Used for natural fertilization or in vitro. Also effective for male infertility

Question 19

% of US with an STI

Answer 19

20%

Question 20

Hepatitis symptoms

Answer 20

Apoetite loss, fatigue, nausea
Muscle/joint aches
Yellow skin/ dark urine
Ascites
RUQ pain due to enlarged liver
Pale stool

Question 21

Are STIs curable?

Answer 21

Only bacterial (syph/chlam/gonorr) or protozoal (Trichom).
Not viral (hpv,hiv,hsv aka herpes, hepatitis)

Question 22

Which STIs could be transmitted thru birth canal ie need c-section?

Answer 22

HSV w/active lesions
HIV
Hep B
Gonorrhea, Chlamydia

Question 23

Lesions, warts, chancres are signs of:

Answer 23

Hpv, hsv, syphillis

Question 24

Green/foul-smelling genital discharge, burning, itching are signs of:

Answer 24

Chlamydia, gonorrhea, trich

Question 25

Female contraceptive with highest reliability

Answer 25

Copper IUD

Question 26

Are condoms or oral contraceptives more reliable?

Answer 26

Oral contraceptives

Question 27

Oral contraceptives can cause…

Answer 27

Clots

Question 28

ED can be cause by:

Answer 28

Arteriosclerosis stopping blood blow. Diabetes (35-50% diabetic males) Endocrine disorders Neurological diseases & trauma Drugs (chemo & anti hypertensives & psychotropics) Depression

Question 29

% of US with ED

Answer 29

50% of men 40-70yo

Question 30

ED can be an early symptom of:

Answer 30

Cardiovascular disease

Question 31

ED interventions

Answer 31

Tx cause/weight loss/no alcohol or tobacco. Vacuum pump (neg-pressure) PDE-5 inhibitors (slidenAFIL ie Viagra) Penile injection or urethral suppository (Alprostadil) Penile implants or penis transplant

Question 32

-afils can last up to:

Answer 32

slidenafil/vardenafil: 4 hrs tadalafil: 36hrs

Question 33

Avoid intercourse with penile implant until:

Answer 33

Incision heals (6wks after) Practitioner inspects it (6wks after)

Question 34

What Tanner staging?

Answer 34

Assesses physical development by age ie pubic hair, breast tissue, tested descending

Question 35

Menopause age and how it is diagnosed.

Answer 35

40-59 (average age 50-51) Defined by 12mo without menstruation

Question 36

Menopause symptoms

Answer 36

Weight gain + abdominal fat. Vasomotor: Hot flashes, night sweats, insomnia, headaches, irritability, mood, memory. Loss of bone density, higher cholesterol. Vag dryness, dyspareunia (painful intercourse), urinary freq/urgency. Low sex drive & dry skin.

Question 37

Pos & neg of estrogen/progesterone therapy

Answer 37

Pos: lower risk of artherosclerosis, endometrial cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes Neg: higher risk of breast/ovarian cancer, clots, gallbladder disease, urinary incontinence