Sexual and Ovarial Cycles

Question 1

Where does ovulation occur?

Answer 1

ovaries

Question 2

Function of oogenesis

Question 3

Function of ovarian cycle

Answer 3

release of an oocyte (egg) for fertilization

Question 4

Function of uterine cycle

Answer 4

prepare the uterine lining to receive and nourish a fertilized egg

Question 5

When do mitosis, meiosis I, and meiosis II occur?

Question 6

Define oocytes

Answer 6

female germ cells

Question 7

Define follicles

Answer 7

supportive structures in the ovary that surround and nourish the oocytes

Question 8

Stage of follicle development

Question 9

Distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary follicles

Question 10

Function and layers of the primary follicles

Question 11

Function and layers of the secondary follicles

Question 12

Function and layers of the tertiary follicles

Question 13

Function of follicular cells

Question 14

How do follicles change over time

Question 15

How long does it take for the oocyte in one primary follicle to be ovulated

Answer 15

290 days

Question 16

What are the 3 stages of the ovarian cycle

Answer 16

• follicular phase: follicles in the ovary develop
• ovulation phase: release of an oocyte from a mature follicle
• luteal phase: remaining follicle cells transform into the corpus luteum; secretes hormones to prepare the uterus for potential implantation

Question 17

How long does each phase of the ovarian cycle last?

Answer 17

• follicular: days 1-14
• ovulation: 1 day
• luteal phase: days 25-28

Question 18

Hormonal changes in the ovarian cycle

Answer 18

follicular phase:
- FSH stimulates the growth of follicles
- follicles produce estrogen
- LH levels increase

ovulation phase:
- LH triggers the primary oocyte to complete meiosis I and the secondary oocyte is released from a rupturing follicle

luteal phase:
- progesterone promotes the thickening of the endometrium preparing it for implantation
- estrogen contributes to the negative feedback of the pituitary
- inhibin suppresses FSH secretion

Question 19

What happens during ovulation?

Question 20

What hormone triggers ovulation

Answer 20

luteinizing hormone

Question 21

Why does a corpus luteum form?

Question 22

What hormones does the corpus luteum secrete?

Question 23

What is the corpus albicans?

Question 24

Describe how GnRH, LH, and FSH lead to the stages of the ovarian cycle

Question 25

Describe the phases of the uterine cycle. How many days does this cycle last?

Question 26

Role of GnRH in the ovarian and uterine cycles. Where is it secreted from?

Question 27

Role of FSH in the ovarian and uterine cycles. Where is it secreted from?

Question 28

Role of LH in the ovarian and uterine cycles. Where is it secreted from?

Question 29

Role of estrogens in the ovarian and uterine cycles. Where is it secreted from?

Question 30

Role of progesterone in the ovarian and uterine cycles. Where is it secreted from?

Question 31

Role of inhibin in the ovarian and uterine cycles. Where is it secreted from?

Question 32

Signaling pathway of GnRH

Question 33

Signaling pathway of FSH

Question 34

Signaling pathway of LH

Question 35

Signaling pathway of estrogen

Question 36

Signaling pathway of progesterone

Question 37

Signaling pathway of inhibin

Question 38

Which hormones trigger the follicular phase

Question 39

Which hormones trigger ovulation?

Question 40

What hormones are released from the corpus luteum?

Question 41

What hormones trigger the menstrual phase?

Question 42

Describe how the ovarian and uterine cycles are connected