Sexual Health Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is a normal finding on culture of a vaginal swab?
Lactobacilli, without any other abnormalities
What is the most common cause of vaginal discharge in younger women? What organisms?
BV - mycoplasma hominis, gardnerella vaginalis
What is the investigation for BV?
Dry HVS
What is the Amsel criteria?
3+ required for diagnosis BV:
- grey/white discharge
- fishy smell
- pH >5.5
- Clue cells on microscopy
Tx of BV?
Metronidazole 5d or single dose
What is leucorrhoea?
Word to describe thick curd like discharge in candida infection
Culture shows flagellated protozoan, what is the cause? What are the likely Sx?
Trichomonas vaginalis
Sx - frothy green/yellow discharge, foul smelling. STRAWBERRY CERVIX
What is the Mx of TV?
Stat dose 2g metronidazole + 400mg metronidazole for 5-7d
What are the potential Sx of gonorrhoea?
Green watery discharge, pus, PCB, IMB, dysuria + increased freq, abdominal pain.
2/3rds asymptomatic!
What investigations are done for a symptomatic patient with potential gonorrhoea or chlamydia?
Endocervical swab with NAATs test
What is the Tx for gonorrhoea?
Ceftriaxone IM + azithromycin PO (just stat doses)
Tx for chlamydia? What is best in pregnancy?
Azithromycin 1g stat (pregnancy) or doxycycline for 7d (unsafe in pregnancy)
Which types of chlamydia trachomatis cause GU infection?
Types D-K
What is the classical triad of Sx of chlamydia in men?
Dysuria, discharge, urethritis
What are potential complications of chlamydia in men?
Epidimo-orchitis - scrotal swelling, pain, tenderness
LGV - anal itch, rectal pain, muco/bloody discharge
Reiter’s syndrome - mono arthritis
Conjunctivits
What causes lymphogranuloma venerum?
Chlamydia types L1, L2, L3 –> infects the lymphatic system
Potential complications of chlamydia in women?
PID - lower abdo/pelvic pain, cervical motion tenderness
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome - RUQ pain, tenderness, deranged LFTs
Conjunctivits
What symptoms might distinguish chlamydia & gonorrhoea?
Chlamydia - deep dyspareunia
Gonorrhoea - increased urinary freq, green watery discharge.
However must do NAATs as cannot rely on clinical Dx
What are the potential complications of gonorrhoea?
Disseminated disease - polyarthritis, polyarthralgia, fever, pustular rash
What are the Sx of Reiters?
Urethritis, arthritis, uveitis/conjunctivitis
What is Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome?
Peri-hepatitis. Inflammation spread from pelvis to Glisson’s capsule surrounding liver.
Sx: RUQ pain + guarding, pyrexia, deranged LFTs
Which two infections are particularly associated with AIDS/indicate the presence of AIDS?
Pneumocystis + cryptococcal pneumonia
What is ARC?
AIDS related complex: weight loss, night sweats + fever, diarrhoea.
Also causes opportunist infections:
TB, Pneumocistis, cryptococcal, CMV retinitis, shingles, hairy leukoplakia (basically any unusual infections –> think HIV!)
What are the classes of HAART medications?
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)
Integrase inhibitor
Protease inhibitor
