Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology > Sexual Reproduction in Humans > Flashcards

Sexual Reproduction in Humans Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the function of the scrotum?

A

External sac of skin containing the testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the testes?

A

Produces gametes and testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the epididymus?

A

Sperm are stored until they become mature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of the vas deferens?

A

Carries sperm to penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of the Seminal Vesicle?

A

Secretes a fluid that makes up about 60% of semen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of the prostate gland?

A

Secretes a fluid that makes up about 30% of semen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of the urethra?

A

Carries semen and urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the ovary?

A

Produces gametes, oestrogen and progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the fallopian tubes?

A

Has ciliated epithelial cells that move the secondary oocyte to the uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of the uterus?

A

Holds the developing foetus until birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of the endometrium?

A

Builds up every month and sheds if there is no implantation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the cervix?

A

A barrier between the uterus and the outside environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the first stage of spermatogenesis?

A

Germinal epithelium (2n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the second stage of spermatogenesis?

A

Spermatogonium (2n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the 3rd stage of spermatogenesis?

A

Primary spermatocyte (2n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the 4th stage of spermatogenesis?

A

Secondary spermatocyte (n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the 5th stage of spermatogenesis?

A

Spermatid (n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the final stage of spermatogenesis?

A

Spermatozoan (n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the order of cell division in spermatogenesis?

A

Mitosis until primary spermatocyte, meiosis, meiosis, maturation`

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the 4 key parts of a sperm cell?

A

Acrosome, nucleus, mitochondria and axial filament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the 3 sections of a sperm cell?

A

Head, mid-section, tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the function of the acrosome?

A

Contains protease enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the first stage of oogenesis?

A

Germinal epithelium (2n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the second stage of oogenesis?

A

Oogonium(2n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the third stage of oogenesis?
Primary oocyte (2n)
26
What is the fourth stage of oogenesis?
Secondary oocyte (n)
27
What is the final stage of oogenesis?
Ovum (n)
28
What is the order of cell division in oogenesis?
Mitosis, mitosis, meiosis, meiosis
29
What are the parts of a secondary oocyte?
Cell membrane, Corona Radiata, Cortical granules, Zona Pellucida and First Polar Body
30
What is stage 1 of fertilisation?
Following sexual intercourse, spermatozoa move into the fallopian tube
31
What is stage 2 of fertilisation?
Capacitation increases the permeability of the cell membrane in the head of the sperm
32
What is stage 3 of fertilisation?
Acrosome reaction releases hydrolase enzymes which digest the zona pellucida
33
What is stage 4 of fertilisation?
Fusion of sperm and secondary oocyte membranes
34
What is stage 5 of fertilisation?
Cortical reaction in which cortical granules fuse with the cell membrane to modify the zona pellucida to prevent polyspermy
35
What is stage 6 of fertilisation?
Nuclei fuse to form zygotic nucleus
36
What is cleavage?
The zygote undergoes repeated mitotic divisions to form a ball of cells called the blastocyst
37
What is implantation?
The blastocyst moves into the uterus where it attaches to the endometrium . The trophoblast cells for trophoblastic villi that penetrate the endometrium
38
What does the placenta develop from ?
Trophoblast cells
39
What are the 4 roles of the placenta and amniotic fluid?
Exchange of gases and nutrients, providing a barrier between maternal and foetal blood, secretion of hormones and shock absorber
40
Why is a barrier between maternal and foetal blood necessary?
Protects the foetal capillaries from high blood pressure and prevents phagocytes from entering the foetus
41
What hormones does the placenta secrete?
hCG and progesterone and oestrogen when the corpus luteum degenerates
42
What is stage 1 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?
Anterior pituitary gland secretes FSH
43
What is stage 2 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?
FSH stimulates maturation of primary follicle
44
What is stage 3 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?
Maturing follicle secretes oestrogen
45
What is stage 4 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?
Oestrogen stimulates LH production, inhibits FSH secretion and triggers the rebuilding of the endometrium
46
What is stage 5 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?
LH stimulates secretion of FSH, induces ovulation and stimulates the conversion of the Graafian follicle into the corpus luteum
47
What is stage 6 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?
FSH inhibits oestrogen production
48
What is stage 7 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?
Corpus luteum secretes progesterone
49
What is stage 8 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?
Progesterone maintains the endometrium and inhibits FSH and LH
50
What is stage 9 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?
Falling levels of FSH and LH cause the corpus luteum to degenerate
51
What is stage 10 of hormones in menstrual cycle?
Progesterone levels decrease
52
What is stage 11 of hormones in the menstrual cycle?
Low levels of progesterone and oestrogen cause the endometrium to breakdown
53
What is stage 1 of hormones in pregnancy?
Following fertilisation, the developing embryo begins to secrete hCG
54
What is stage 2 of hormones in pregnancy?
If the implantation is successful, the developing placenta will take over secretions of hCG
55
What is the importance of hCG?
Maintenance of the corpus luteum
56
What is stage 3 of hormones in pregnancy?
The corpus luteum secretes oestrogen and progesterone which inhibit FSH and LH
57
What does progesterone do in pregnancy?
Maintains the endometrium wall and suppresses the uterine wall's ability to contract by inhibiting secretions of oxytocin
58
What does oestrogen do in pregnancy?
Stimulates a growth of the uterus and mammary glands
59
What is stage 1 of hormones at birth?
Just before birth, oestrogen levels increase and progesterone levels decrease
60
What is stage 2 of hormones at birth?
Oxytocin secretion by posterior pituitary is no longer inhibited. Secretion of oxytocin stimulates contraction of the uterine wall
61
What is stage 3 of hormones at birh?
Prolactin secreted by the anterior pituitary gland stimulates milk production

Biology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions