Sexuality and Gender

Question 1

When did the US FDA approve birth control pills?

Answer 1

1960

Question 2

As of what year did the US Supreme Court rule that the government cant regulate the use of birth control in marriage?

Answer 2

1965

Question 3

What % of marriages are marked by some kind of sexual inadequacy?

Answer 3

50%

Question 4

When was Viagra approved and marketed?

Answer 4

1998

Question 5

How many states have laws banning the living together of non-married people?

Answer 5

7

Question 6

How many states have laws saying you cant have intercourse before marriage?

Answer 6

4

Question 7

What % of visits to the internet are to adult sites in US?

Answer 7

19%

Question 8

What % of people that visit children & teens chatrooms are actually adults pretending to be children?

Answer 8

2/3

Question 9

What are the psychological effects of sexual dysfunctions?

Answer 9

Frustration, guilt about failure, loss of self esteem, emotional problems

Question 10

How can most sexual dysfunctions be treated?

Answer 10

In relatively brief therapy

Question 11

What is the definition of a sexual dysfunction?

Answer 11

Psychophysiological disorders which make it impossible for the individual to have and/or enjoy coitus

Question 12

What are the 4 responses of the sexual system?

Answer 12

Desire, arousal, orgasm and resolution

Question 13

What can be associated with the ‘desire’ phase of the sexual system?

Answer 13

• Lack of desire/interest in sex
• Sexual aversion
• Avoidance as its unpleasant

Question 14

What can be associated with the ‘arousal’ phase of the sexual system?

Answer 14

• Increased: heart rate, muscle tension, blood pressure
• Penis hardens
• Swelling of clitoris and vagina lubrication

Question 15

What are some dysfunctions that can occur at the ‘arousal’ phase?

Answer 15

Male erectile disorder (impotence)
Female arousal disorder
(frigidity)

Question 16

Whats the most common sexual disfunction in males?

Answer 16

Premature ejaculation

Question 17

What is a sexual pain disorder?

Answer 17

Vaginismus - spastic contractions of the muscles round the outer third of the vagina that prevent entry of the penis

Question 18

What % of people probably suffer from a type of sexual dysfunction?

Answer 18

24%

Question 19

In what % of men is a hypoactive sexual desire found?

Answer 19

15%

Question 20

In what age group is erectile disorder most common in?

Answer 20

Older men

Question 21

In what age group is premature ejaculation most common in?

Answer 21

Under 30s

Question 22

What % of population does inhibited male orgasm occur?

Answer 22

1 - 3%

Question 23

In what % of females is a hypoactive sexual desire found?

Answer 23

20 - 35%

Question 24

Up to what % of women have had arousal disorders?

Answer 24

48%

Question 25

In what % of the population does vaginismus occur?

Answer 25

Less than 1%

Question 26

Where have sexual dysfunctions been traced to coming back from?

Answer 26

- Influences of childhood learning - Problematic attitudes & beliefs - Biological factors - Relationship issues

Question 27

When did behavioural therapists begin to develop procedures to treat sexual dysfunctions?

Answer 27

1950s -1960s

Question 28

What are the two ways to measure functioning?

Answer 28

Penile plethysmograph | Vaginal plethysmograph

Question 29

Whats the first component of sex therapy?

Answer 29

Assessment and conceptualisation of the problem, emphasis on principle of mutual responsibility

Question 30

What are the middle components are there to sex therapy?

Answer 30

- Therapists provide accurate information | - Work is done to change attitudes cognitions and beliefs

Question 31

What the end components to sex therapy?

Answer 31

- Eliminate performance anxiety and the spectator role | - Finally, work to change destructive lifestyles and martial interactions

Question 32

What is the 4 element sequential model that has been developed for the treatment of hypoactive drive and aversion?

Answer 32

Effectual awareness, insight, cognitive and emotional change, behavioural interventions

Question 33

How is a patient with erectile failure taught to reduce anxiety and increase stimulation?

Answer 33

Tease & stuffing techniques

Question 34

How is premature ejaculation treated?

Answer 34

Behavioural retraining procedures: stop-start and squeeze

Question 35

How is inhibited male orgasm treated?

Answer 35

Reducing performance anxiety and ensuring adequate stimulation

Question 36

What are some ways that female arousal and orgasm dysfunctions are treated?

Answer 36

Self-exploration, body awareness and directed masturbation training

Question 37

What are paraphilias?

Answer 37

Characterised by the recurrent and intense sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving nonhuman objects

Question 38

What is fetishism?

Answer 38

The use of an inanimate object or body part to achieve sexual arousal, often exclusively

Question 39

How do psychodynamic theorists see fetishism?

Answer 39

As defence mechanisms

Question 40

How do behaviourists treat fetishism?

Answer 40

Aversion therapy or covet sensitisation

Question 41

What is transvestism?

Answer 41

Involves the need to dress in clothes of the opposite sex to achieve sexual arousal

Question 42

What are transvestites generally?

Answer 42

Hostile self-centred, limited capacity for intimacy, marriages then to be discordant

Question 43

What is pedophila?

Answer 43

Achieving sexual gratification through children

Question 44

When does pedophila develop?

Answer 44

Adolescence

Question 45

How is pedophila treated?

Answer 45

Aversion therapy, orgasmic reorientation, and relapse-prevention training

Question 46

What is exhibitionism?

Answer 46

The 'flasher' acts out sexually arousing fantasies of exposing his genitals to a woman to produce a shock reaction

Question 47

How is exhibitionism treated?

Answer 47

Aversion therapy, cover sensitisation, arousal reorientation, social skills training

Question 48

What are Voyeurs?

Answer 48

They have recurrent and intense desires to observe people secretly as they dress or undress

Question 49

When does voyeurism usually develop?

Answer 49

Before 15, could be chronic

Question 50

How do psychodynamic theorists view voyuerism?

Answer 50

As an attempt to reduce fear of castration

Question 51

How do behaviourists see voyuerism?

Answer 51

Learned behaviour traceable to a chance and secret observation of sexually arousing scene

Question 52

What is frotteurism?

Answer 52

The frotteur acts on recurrent and intense sexual urges to touch and rub against an non-consenting person

Question 53

When does frotteurism develop?

Answer 53

Adolescence or earlier and then diminishes

Question 54

What is sexual mascochism?

Answer 54

Sexual urges to be humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer

Question 55

How is the pattern of sexual maschoism developed?

Answer 55

Classical conditioning

Question 56

What are sexual sadists?

Answer 56

Sexually aroused by the infliction of physical or psychological suffering - they fantasise about having total control over another person

Question 57

How do behaviourist believe sadists are developed?

Answer 57

Classical conditioning

Question 58

What is gender identity disorder/transsexualism?

Answer 58

Where they feel that a mistake has been made in the assignment of his or her sex

Question 59

How do male transsexuals outnumber female transsexual;s?

Answer 59

More than 3 to 1