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health 251 > sexuality and theoretical perspectives > Flashcards

sexuality and theoretical perspectives Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

definition of health

A
  • physical, emotional, mental and social
  • not just absence of disease, dysfunction, or illness
  • requires positive approach
  • pleasurable and safe sexual experiences
  • free of coercion, discrimination, and violence
  • sexual rights respected
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2
Q

sex

A

our genetic and/or biological femaleness, maleness, or intersex

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3
Q

gender

A

psychological and socio-cutura characteristics associated with sex

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4
Q

sexual behaviour/activity

A

behaviour or activity defines as sexual by individuals or groups

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5
Q

determinants of sexuality (5)

A

religion, culture, media, research, science/medicine

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6
Q

influences : religion

A
  • difference religions hold difference understandings

- within religion there is variation on how sex s regarded and regulated

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7
Q

influences: science

A
  • occurs with historical/social contexts

- 20th century held massive surveys on sexual behaviours

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8
Q

influences : the media

A
  • cultivation (creating a mainstream)
  • agenda setting ( determining value)
  • social learning (providing role models)
  • internet and tv
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9
Q

ethnocentrism

A
  • influences our understanding of human sexual behaviour

- the notion that one’s own cultural values, norms, behaviours are ‘right’ or superior to others

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10
Q

incest taboos

A
  • regulation prohibiting sexual interaction between blood relatives
  • universal norms
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11
Q

culture

A

teaches traditional values and ideas

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12
Q

cross-cultural sexuality

A

incest taboos, sexual techniques, masturbation, pre & extra dyadic sex, same gender sexual orientation, attractiveness

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13
Q

masturbation

A
  • found among many species of mammals
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14
Q

same sex behaviour

A
  • also same-gender behaviour

- found in many species (mammals)

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15
Q

sexual signalling

A
  • found in other species
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16
Q

instinctively controlled sexually behaviour

A
  • more controlled among lower species & controlled by the brain in higher species
    • human behaviour more brain controlled
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17
Q

define sexual health

A
  • state of physical, emotional, mental and social well-being related to sexuality
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18
Q

sexual rights

Study These Flashcards
A
  • promoted by Health Canada

- the right to reproductive self-determination and sexual self-expression and freedom from sexual abuse and violence

19
Q

theory

Study These Flashcards
A

a coherent group of tested general propositions, a proposed explanation commonly regarded as correct

20
Q

theories of sexuality attempt to explain

Study These Flashcards
A
  • sexual desire,
  • subjective sexual experience,
  • avoidance or inhibitions
  • diversity of stimuli and intensity of sexual response
  • orientation and behaviour
21
Q

socio- biological theories

Study These Flashcards
A
  • applies evolutionary biology to sexual behaviour
  • evolution occurs via natural selection
  • sexual selection results from perceived reproduction potential/success
  • sexual selection results from different traits affecting access
22
Q

sexual selection

Study These Flashcards
A
  • typically defined as male competition and female preference
23
Q

evolutionary psychology

Study These Flashcards
A
  • focuses on the psychological mechanisms shaped by natural selection rather than simply focusing on behaviour
24
Q

sexual strategies

Study These Flashcards
A
  • females and males face difference adaptive problems in short and long-term sexual relationships
25
critiques of socio-biology
- biological deterministic - assumes every sexual characteristic must have some adaptive significance - focused on individuals - central function of sex is reproduction - does not explain same-sex behaviour
26
Freud's libido theory - psychosexual
sexual drive is outside the realm of consciousness and is generated within the body and propels itself toward discharge
27
libido
'the force by which the sexual instinct is represented in the mind'
28
id
present at birth and operates on the pleasure principle
29
ego
the rational part of the self which operates on the reality principle
30
superego
the conscience which operates on idealism
31
stages of psychosexual development
- oral, anal, phallic, oedipal, latent, genital - each stage connected to a stage of biological development - disturbances during any stage may result in adult challenges
32
critiques of freud
- male bias - womens seual maturity tied to vaginal orgasm - is libido really an innate drive or instinct - implies behaviour to be instinctual - sexual drive might be instinctual but the route to satisfy it is learned
33
what is near-psychoanalysis
makes is possible to test some aspects of psychoanalytic theory
34
learning theories
classical conditioning, operant conditioning
35
classical conditioning
sexual behaviour is learned through pairing stimulus with response
36
operant conditioning
sexual behaviour is learned through reward and punishment | - timing of punishment is important
37
social learning theories
- based on operation conditioning, imitation and identification; explains self-efficacy and acquisition of gender role and identity - once behaviour is learned, people must develop self-efficacy for it to continue
38
social exchange theory
- people choose actions that maximize rewards and minimize costs - there are perceived comparison levels of outcomes, equity and sexual rewards and costs - - influence satisfaction, stability and changes in relationships
39
schema
a general knowledge framework about a particular topic
40
gender schema theory
a set of attributes that we associate with males and females | - predisposes us to process information on the basis of gender
41
3 sociological perspectives
1. every society regulates the sexuality of its members 2. basic institutions of society affect the rules governing sexuality in that society 3. the in/appropriateness of a particular sexual behaviour depends on the culture in which is occurs
42
social institutions
- religion (procreational- shapes norms) - economics (effects patterns of behaviour) - family (relational- socializes children) - medicine (therapeutic - defines sexual and reproductive health and disease) - laws (determine norms and use social controls)
43
sexual scripts
describe sexual etiquette and the appropriate sequence and conventionality of sexual behaviour
44
reiss' sociological theory
- sexuality is associated with pleasure | - sexual interactions are associated with personal self-disclosure of body, thoughts and feelings

health 251 (7 decks)

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