sexually transmitted diseases Flashcards
1
Q
most common symptoms of STI
A
- no symptoms
- genital rash
- urethral discharge
- genital ulceration
- lymph node swelling in groin region
- a raised core body temperature
2
Q
chlamydia trachomatis
A
- small gram - negative bacilli with no peptidoglycan layer in cell well
- serovars D-K primarily associated with urogenital infections
- serovars L1/L2/L2a/L3 associated with lymphogranulosum venereum
3
Q
chlamydia trachomatis has two forms
A
- elementary body (infective form) infect columnar epithelial cells
- reticulate body (non-infectious form)
4
Q
complications of untreated chlamydia trachomatis
A
symptoms: vaginal discharge, lower abdominal
- PID can increase risk of infertility/ectopic pregnancy/chronic pelvic pain
- prostatitis
- urethritis causing painful urination/ kidney problems
- epididymitis which reduces fertility/sterility
5
Q
treatment uncomplicated urogenital infection
A
- doxycycline 100mg twice daily for 7 days
- azithromycin 1g orally as single dose followed by 500mg once daily for 2 days
- erythromycin 500mg twice daily for 10-14 days
- abstain from all forms of sex during treatment
6
Q
neisseria gonorrhoeae
A
- gram - negative intracellular, aerobic diplococcus
- deposited on mucous membrane during sex
- attachment of bacteria using fimbrae to microvillus on non-ciliated columnar epithelial cells
- bacteria gain entry through parasite-directed endocytosis
- bacteria transported to basement membrane and released by exocytosis and multiply in subepithelial tissue
- cellular damage and inflammatory exudate accumulates in lumen
7
Q
gonorrhoea treatment
A
- susceptibility unknown: 1g ceftriaxone intra muscular as single dose
- susceptibility known: 500mg ciprofloxacin as a single dose
- abstain from sex for 7 days
8
Q
anogenital warts (condyloma)
A
- caused by HPV
- spread by skin to skin contact
- present on: genitals/groin region/anus
9
Q
anogenital herpes
A
- caused by HSV 1/2
- transmission skin to skin contact
- 80% of people are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms
- flu-like symptoms and small blisters that burst and leave red sores
treatment: 400mg aciclovir three times daily for 5 days
