Sexually Transmitted Infections

Question 1

Which microorganism causes gonorrhoea?

Answer 1

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

->hi, just a note, don’t make many notes until the last few summary flashcards :) will save you a lot of time as a lot of these are similar. Maybe note down treatments as this varies xx

Question 2

Symptoms of gonorrhoea?

Answer 2

Men:
- thick, yellow discharge
-dysuria

Women:
-vaginal discharge
-dysuria
-intermenstrual/post-coital bleeding

->10% of males are asymptomatic, 50% of females are asymptomatic

Question 3

What is a potential complication of gonorrhoea in men?

Answer 3

Epididymitis

Question 4

What is a potential complication of gonorrhoea in women?

Answer 4

Pelvic inflammatory disease
Bartholin’s abscess

Question 5

Diagnosis of gonorrhoea?

Answer 5

Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) on urine or swab from vagina, rectum, throat

Question 6

Treatment of gonorrhoea?

Answer 6

Ceftriaxone

Question 7

What microorganism causes chlamydia?

Answer 7

Chlamydia trachomatis serovars D to K

Question 8

Symptoms of chlamydia in men?

Answer 8

Slight watery discharge, dysuria

> 70% asymptomatic

Question 9

Symptoms of chlamydia in women?

Answer 9

Vaginal discharge
Dysuria
Intermenstrual/post-coital bleeding

> 80% asymptomatic

Question 10

Potential complication of chlamydia in men?

Answer 10

Epididymitis

Question 11

Potential complication of chlamydia in women?

Answer 11

Pelvic inflammatory disease
Pelvic pain
Infertility

Question 12

Diagnosis of chlamydia?

Answer 12

First void urine testing in men
Self-taken or clinician-taken swab from cervix/urethra/rectum as appropriate

Question 13

Treatment of chlamydia?

Answer 13

Doxycycline
Azithromycin if pregnant

Question 14

Which microorganism causes mycoplasma genitalium?

Answer 14

M genitalium

Question 15

Symptoms of mycoplasma genitalium in men?

Answer 15

Slight watery discharge
Dysuria

> 90% asymptomatic

Question 16

Symptoms of mycoplasma genitalium in females?

Answer 16

Vaginal discharge
Dysuria
Post-coital/intermenstrual bleeding.

50% asymptomatic

Question 17

Complications of mycoplasma genitalium in men?

Answer 17

None confirmed. Possibly epididymitis

Question 18

Complications of mycoplasma genitalium in females?

Answer 18

Pelvic inflammatory disease
Preterm birth
Miscarriage
Infertility

Question 19

Diagnosis of mycoplasma genitalium?

Answer 19

First urine void in men
Swab in women

Question 20

Treatment of mycoplasma genitalium?

Answer 20

Doxycycline
If resistant, moxifloxacin

Question 21

Which microorganism causes Herpes?

Answer 21

Herpes Simplex Virus- type 1 and 2

Question 22

Symptoms of herpes?

Answer 22

Recurring symptoms- burning/itching then blistering then tender ulceration

->make note of this as different to the other STI’s discussed

Question 23

Complications of herpes?

Answer 23

Autonomic neuropathy (urinary retention)
Neonatal infection
Secondary infection

->make note as different

Question 24

Diagnosis of herpes?

Answer 24

Clinical impression
Swab from lesion tested using PCR

Question 25

Treatment of Herpes?

Answer 25

Aciclovir ->worth noting different quantities for primary outbreak/ secondary outbreak/ frequent reoccurrence

Question 26

Which microorganism causes Trichomoniasis?

Answer 26

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 27

Symptoms of Trichomoniasis?

Answer 27

Men usually asymptomatic Women: profuse thin vaginal discharge, green, frothy and foul smelling

Question 28

Complications of Trichomoniasis?

Answer 28

Miscarriage and preterm labour

Question 29

Diagnosis of Trichomoniasis?

Answer 29

PCR on vaginal swab

Question 30

Treatment of Trichomoniasis?

Answer 30

Metronidazole

Question 31

Which microorganism causes anogenital warts?

Answer 31

HPV types 6 and 11

Question 32

Symptoms of anogenital warts?

Answer 32

Lumps with surface texture of cauliflower Occasional itching or bleeding, especially if perianal or intraurethral

Question 33

Complications of anogenital warts?

Answer 33

None common. Laryngeal papillomatosis

Question 34

Diagnosis of anogenital warts?

Answer 34

Appearance Biopsy if unusual

Question 35

Treatment of anogenital warts?

Answer 35

Podophyllotoxin Bulky warts- diathermy, scissor removal

Question 36

Which microorganism causes syphilis?

Answer 36

Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum

Question 37

Symptoms of syphilis?

Answer 37

Diverse Primary- local ulcer Secondary- rash, skin changes Latent stages- no symptoms Tertiary- neurological, cardiovascular or gummatous- skin lesions (all v rare)

Question 38

Complications of syphilis?

Answer 38

Neurosyphilis- cranial nerve palsies are most common

Question 39

Diagnosis of syphilis?

Answer 39

Clinical signs Serology PCR on sample from ulcer

Question 40

Treatment of syphilis?

Answer 40

Benzathine penicillin or doxycycline

Question 41

Okay, so, to summarise, a lot of STI's can be asymptomatic. But a lot have very similar symptoms, like gonorrhoea, chlamydia and mycoplasma genitalium. What are these shared symptoms?

Answer 41

Discharge Dysuria In women, post-coital/ intermenstrual bleeding