sexually transmitted infections

Question 1

What is the difference between exogenous and endogenous infections?

Answer 1

exogenous - usually STI’s and is outside the body

endogenous - infections from normal flora and is inside the body

Question 2

what is the difference between exudative and ulcerative infections?

Answer 2

exudative - puss or discharge

ulcerative - chancer, chancroid, warts, herpes etc

Question 3

what is vaginitis ?

Answer 3

inflammation of the vaginal mucosa

Question 4

what are the symptoms of vaginitis?

Answer 4

discharge, odour, itch

Question 5

what is the causative agent of vaginitis?

Answer 5

yeast - Candida Albicans

Question 6

what is the makeup of a protozoan?

Answer 6

exoskeleton, large with small flagellas that have bad motility

Question 7

Vaginitis - Men or women are more symptomatic?

Answer 7

Women

Question 8

What is Cervicitis and urethritis?

Answer 8

inflammation of cervix or urethra

Question 9

What causes Cervicitis and urethritis?

Answer 9

Neisseria Gonorrheoae

Question 10

What are the symptoms of Cervicitis and urethritis?

Answer 10

discharge & pain during urination

Question 11

Cervicitis and urethritis - Men or women are more symptomatic?

Answer 11

Men - gets white streaks in underwear from discharge and can be green

Question 12

How is Cervicitis and urethritis diagnosed?

Answer 12

swab and analyzed on petri dish and under microscope

Question 13

what is the danger with pregnant women with gonorrhoea ?

Answer 13

can pass from mother to child during child birth

Question 14

what is chlamydia trachomatis?

Answer 14

bacterial sti

Question 15

chlamydia trachomatis - Men or women are more symptomatic? What happens when women go untreated?

Answer 15

both are usually asymptomatic.
women - serious complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, infertility, sterility, risk of ectopic pregnancy

Question 16

Why is chlamydia trachomatis more prevalent in females?

Answer 16

because genital epithelium is different than males and moist environment is better for growing conditions.
women get physicals thus chlamydia trachomatis is discovered more often than males.

Question 17

What are the 3 reasons STI’s are roaring back in north america?

Answer 17

1. less condom sex between men and men
2. dating app increase - more anonymous
3. numbers may be higher because we are getting better at checking

Question 18

what are the three stages of syphilis?

Answer 18

primary phase: chancres at site of entry, painless & heals spontaneously, infectious
Secondary phase: signs of disseminated disease, lesions on trunk, palms and soles of feet, lesion fluid is very infectious!!!!!
Tertiary phase: can be decades later, neurological & cardiovascular issues

Question 19

what is syphilis?

Answer 19

Treponema Pallidus bacteria

The silent killer

Question 20

syphilis - Men or women are at higher risk?

Answer 20

men - due to prostitution, male to male transmission & males don’t like to get tested

Question 21

What is chancroid STI?

Answer 21

Haemophilus Ducreyi bacteria
rare in Canada
soft and painful

Question 22

how is chancroid infections diagnosed?

Answer 22

growth of culture and analysis

Question 23

What is Human papillomavirus (HPV) ?

Answer 23

Genital warts from virus - over 100 strains - some can cause cancer.
can be genital or oral warts and can develop into other health conditions

Question 24

What are the symptoms of HPV?

Answer 24

cauliflower genital warts - Condlyoma
most cases go away themselves & most people don’t know they have it
can cause cervical or oropharyngeal cancer

Question 25

Can HPV be treated?

Answer 25

No, the disease can be maintained by outbreaks can occur - warts are lazer removed.

Question 26

What is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Answer 26

virus of the immune system - T lymphotropic virus, leukemias, sarcomas, Lymphomas can cause AIDS specific blood testing single strand RNA virus

Question 27

How do you test for human immunodeficiency virus?

Answer 27

indirect testing: well that is coated with the antigen that resembles HIV. if the person has HIV then their blood will have antibodies specific to the virus. binding of antigen to antibody isn't visible - can be seen through using another antibody that has fluorescent particle that produces colour when the antibody binds.

Question 28

What is HSV II?

Answer 28

herpes simplex virus 2 - genital herpes | can be asymptomatic & has reoccurring OB

Question 29

how does HSV II affect newborns

Answer 29

Catastrophic effects - if mom has herpes - c section delivery

Question 30

What is HSV I?

Answer 30

genital herpes caused by mouth herpes. causes infection in the genitals, but when OB happens again it returns on the mouth instead.

Question 31

Are there treatments for Herpes?

Answer 31

No, antiviral medications that often reduce risk of OB

Question 32

What is pubic lice? What are the symptoms?

Answer 32

crabs - itchiness that increases at night (lice feeding), see lice and eggs in the pubic hair, sores in the genital area from biting

Question 33

What is the role of public health for STIs?

Answer 33

identify active cases and treat them, encourage safe sex, report finding to authorities, education.