Shapes of Molecules and Intermolecular Bonding

Question 1

What determines the shape of a molecule or ion?

Answer 1

The electron pairs surrounding a central atom determine the shape of a molecule or ion.

Question 2

Why do electron pairs arrange themselves as far away from each other as possible?

Answer 2

This is due to electron repulsion.

Question 3

What does a solid line wedge represent?

Answer 3

This represents a bond in the plane of the paper.

Question 4

What does a solid wedge represent?

Answer 4

The atom or ion coming out of the paper.

Question 5

What does a dotted wedge represent?

Answer 5

An atom or ion going into the paper.

Question 6

What type of pair repels more?

Answer 6

A lone pair.

Question 7

What is the bond angle of linear molecules?

Answer 7

180 degrees

Question 8

How many electron pairs are present in linear molecules?

Answer 8

2

Question 9

How many lone pairs are in trigonal planar molecules?

Answer 9

There are no lone pairs.

Question 10

What is the bond angle of a trigonal planar molecule?

Answer 10

120 degrees

Question 11

How many pairs of electrons surround the central atom in trigonal planar molecules?

Answer 11

3

Question 12

What is the bond angle of a tetrahedral molecule?

Answer 12

109.5 degrees

Question 13

How many lone pairs does a tetrahedral molecule have?

Answer 13

It has no lone pairs.

Question 14

How many electron pairs surround the central atom in a tetrahedral molecule?

Answer 14

4

Question 15

How many lone pairs are present in a trigonal pyramidal molecule?

Answer 15

1

Question 16

What is the bond angle of a trigonal pyramidal molecule?

Answer 16

107 degrees

Question 17

How many bonded pairs are in trigonal pyramidal molecules?

Answer 17

3

Question 18

How many lone pairs are in a nonlinear molecule?

Answer 18

2

Question 19

How many bond pairs are in a nonlinear molecule?

Answer 19

2

Question 20

What is the bond angle in a nonlinear molecule?

Answer 20

104.5 degrees

Question 21

How many electron pairs does a trigonal bipyramidal molecules contain?

Answer 21

It contains 5 pairs.

Question 22

What are the two bond angles of trigonal bipyramidal molecules?

Answer 22

90degrees and 120degrees

Question 23

How many lone pairs are present in trigonal bipyramidal molecules?

Answer 23

There are no lone pairs.

Question 24

What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule?

Answer 24

90degrees

Question 25

How many pairs surround the central atom in an octahedral?

Answer 25

6

Question 26

What are lone pairs of electrons?

Answer 26

These are electrons that are not shared.

Question 27

Wha creates a polar bond?

Answer 27

This is created by two atoms of different electronegativities.

Question 28

In polar molecules, where are the bonding electrons pulled towards?

Answer 28

They are pulled towards the more electronegative atom.

Question 29

What creates a permanent dipole in a polar bond?

Answer 29

The difference in electronegativity.

Question 30

What is a dipole?

Answer 30

This is a difference in charge between two atoms caused by a shift in the electro density of the bond.

Question 31

What makes a bond more polar?

Answer 31

The bigger the difference in electronegativity, the more polar the molecule is.

Question 32

What happens if the polar bonds are arranged symmetrically?

Answer 32

The dipoles will cancel each other out.

Question 33

What happens if the polar bonds are arranged unevenly?

Answer 33

There will be an overall dipole.

Question 34

What do induced dipole- dipole forces cause?

Answer 34

They cause all atoms and molecules to be attracted to each other.