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Animal Vet Sciences > Sheep Industry > Flashcards

Sheep Industry Flashcards

1
Q

Where did sheep originate?

A

Europe and the cooler regions on Asia

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2
Q

Sheep are important ruminants in

A

temperate agriculture

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3
Q

New Zealand, Australia, and Saudi Arabia have the higher per capita consumption of

A

mutton, lamb, and goat meat

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4
Q

What are the 5 leading sheep countries?

A

China, Australia, India, Iran, Sudan

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5
Q

What 4 commodities do sheep provide?

A

fiber, milk, meat, and hides

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6
Q

What percentage of sheep are raised in the temperate zones?

A

60%

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7
Q

Fewer than what percentage of sheep are in the tropics?

A

40%

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8
Q

Where did sheep originate?

A

In dry climate in Southwest Asia

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9
Q

Best environment for sheep?

A

temperate climates

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10
Q

In temperate climates, what traits do sheep have that are an advantage?

A

large, compact bodies, heavy fleece covering, and storage of subcutaneous fat

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11
Q

Selection emphasis on

A

growth rate, milk production, lambing percentage, and fleece weight

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12
Q

How many sheep were in the US in 1942? 2002?

A

56 million; 6.5 million

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13
Q

What does the US rely on to supply limited demand for lamb?

A

Imports

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14
Q

What size flocks do US sheep growers have in the US?

A

Small (50 or fewer) and raise sheep as a secondary enterprise

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15
Q

What percentage of sheep born in western US lost before they are marketed? And why?

A

23%; predators and weather

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16
Q

Purebred sheep industry

A

Sell rams and ewes for breeding

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17
Q

What makes the purebred sheep industry important?

A

They determine the genetic productivity of commercial sheep

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18
Q

What are the percentages for the total income of lamb? Wool?

A

85-90%; 10-15%

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19
Q

Wool breeds have what percentage of income from the sale of wool?

A

30-35%

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20
Q

Two forms of purebred sheep industry

A

Farm Flocks (50 head or less) and youth projects (4H & FFA)

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21
Q

Rambouillet

A

Most popular wool bred in the US

22
Q

When is the important measure of sheep?

A

90 day weight

23
Q

US Breeds in decreasing order:

A

Suffolk
Dorset
Hampshire
Southdown
Rambouillet

24
Q

What 3 species are often grazed together and why?

A

Cattle, sheep, and goats because they utilize different plants

25
Q

What do goats graze?

A

Browse (shrubs) and some forbs (broad-leafed plants)

26
Q

What do sheep graze?

A

Short grasses and some forbs

27
Q

What do cattle graze?

A

Tall grasses and some forbs

28
Q

Where do sheep derive most of their nutrition from?

A

Pasture

29
Q

Where are feeder lambs finished?

A

In feedlots

30
Q

Why are sheep sent to feedlots?

A

Only if they need additional weight prior to slaughter

31
Q

How much should lambs on feed gain per day

A

0.5 to 0.8 lb

32
Q

What is the feeding period to finish lambs?

A

40 to 60 days

33
Q

7 Diseases Commonly seen in sheep

A
  • Bluetongue
  • Chlamydial Abortion (EAE)
  • Enterotoxemia (Overeating C&D)
  • Pregnant Ewe Disease
  • Pneumonia
  • Sore Mouth
  • Scrapie (TSE)
34
Q

When is sheep breeding season?

A

In the fall

35
Q

What is a sheeps gestation length

A

147 days

36
Q

Important economic traits of sheep

A

Growth rate
Wool production
Carcass merit

37
Q

What is carcass merit?

A

quality grade and yield grade

38
Q

When it comes to sheep fencing, what is more and less important?

A

More important to keep predators out then to keep sheep in

39
Q

What type of fencing is preferred?

A

Hi-Tensile or a combination of woven, barded, and hi-tensile

40
Q

Jugs

A

lambing pens usually 4X4 to 6X6 that the lamb ewes lambs in and remains with her lamb(s) for 2-3 days

41
Q

Facilities (3)

A
  1. Chutes (w cutting gates) no water than 18”
  2. Tilt tables & squeeze chutes
  3. Foots baths
42
Q

4 Types of Sheep Breeds

A
  1. Fine Wool
  2. Meat
  3. Medium Wool/Dual Purpose
  4. Long Wool
43
Q

Two Fine Wool Breeds

A

Merino
Rambouillet

44
Q

3 Meat Breeds

A

Suffolk
Hampshire
Dorset
Cheviot
Montadale
Shropshire
Southdown

45
Q

Medium Wool/Dual Purpose Breeds

A

Corriedale
Columbia
Targhee

46
Q

2 Long Wool Breeds

A

Romney
Lincoln

47
Q

US Registration Numbers for Breeds

A

Suffolk: 18,400
Dorset: 11,600
Hampshire: 10,100
Southdown: 5,500
Rambouillet: 3,700

48
Q

Describe the Hampshire breed

A
  • Black face & legs
  • Has a wool cap on face & legs
  • Polled
  • Wool blindness
  • Good milkers
49
Q

Suffolk were brought to the US when and from where?

A

1888 from England

50
Q

Describe Suffolk characteristics

A

Large frame size, black face & legs, no wool on face & legs, bare bellies

51
Q
A

Animal Vet Sciences (4 decks)

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