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Shigella and Salmonella Flashcards

Presentation Cell Biology Epidemiology Transmission i. innoculum Incubation Period Pathogenesis Treatment Prevention I. Salmonella A S. Typhi B. S. cholerasuis C. S. Enteriditis/ tymphimurium II. Shigella A. most are pretty similar (48 cards)

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1
Q

shigella ___ is the most common species in the developing world

A

shigella dysenteriae

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2
Q

shigella _____ is the most common form in the US

A

shigella sonnei

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3
Q

Shigelli ____ is the most common kind in India

A

shigella boydii

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4
Q

shigella ____ also common in developing countries

A

shigella flexneri

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5
Q

shigella: cell bio

A

gram +

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6
Q

shigella: presentation

A

fever and diarrhea with bloody stool and tenesmus

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7
Q

tenesmus

A

the feeling of needing to constantly pass stool

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8
Q

shigella: bacteremia

A

no/ rare

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9
Q

shigellia: incubation

A

1-4 days

persists for 1-4 week after recovery

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10
Q

shigella: innoculum

A

100 bugs, acid tolerant

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11
Q

shigellla: vaccine?

A

no

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12
Q

shigella: treatment

A

fluid and electrolyte replacement

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13
Q

shigella: diagnosis
a. motility
b. gas production?
c. h2S

A 
Stool Analysis
1. non motile
2 non gas producing
3. no H2S
4. PMNs= invasive disease
*compare to salmonella
* indole and ureas negative
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14
Q

indole test

A

ability of bacteria to convert tryptophan to pyruvate and indole, a metabolite

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15
Q

Kilger Iron Agar

A

demonstrates sugar fermentation, gas production, and H2S production

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16
Q

shigella: prevention

A

sanitation

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17
Q

shiga toxin

A

an exotoxin with two subunits A and B

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18
Q

shiga toxin subunit B

A

binds to intestinal cells

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19
Q

shiga toxin subunit A

A

binds to 60 S ribosomal RNA to prevent protein synthesis

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20
Q

shigella: path, T3SS

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A

allows macrophage infiltration and escape

21
Q

shigella, path, fever

Study These Flashcards
A

IL-1 and TNF from monocytic cells

22
Q

shigella, path: ulceration

23
Q

S Typhi: incubation

24
Q

S Typhi: presentation

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A
  1. Fever
  2. bradycardia
  3. Rose spot (skin rash)
  4. leukopenia
  5. enlarge liver and spleen
25
S. Typhi: Vi antigen
may allow survival inside phagocytic vesicles
26
S. Typhi: SPI-1
salmonella pathogenecity island | encodes T3SS
27
Type III secretion systems: SPI-2
salmonella pathogenecity island | encodes endotoxin
28
T3SS(Type II secretion systems)
a specialized form of secretion-- an injection needle allows transfer from a bacterial cytoplasm to host cytoplasm
29
S. Typhi: Treatment
Fluoroquinolones Cephalosporins Chronic Carrier: Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, cholecystectomy
30
S. Typhi: Diagnosis
Week 1; stool culture Week 2: blood culture Week 3: stool culture (gall bladder)
31
S. Typhi: Vaccines
1. Typ21a (live attenuated) | 2. VICPS (capsular polysaccharide)
32
S. Typhi: Typhoid Fever Pathogenesis
rehearse steps 1. survives stomach 2. adhesins attach to peithelium 3. endocytosis 4. ingestion by macrophages 5. Vi allows survival inside vacuoles 6. kill macrophages, diseeminate via thoracic duct to blood, liver, spleen, gall bladder 8. reinvasion via gall bladder 9. GI bleeds and diarrhea
33
path: endotoxic shock
the Lipid A component of endotoxin triggers cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α
34
path: T3SS
type 3 secretion system
35
S. Typhi: prevention
Water Sanitation Pasteurization 2 Vaccines
36
S. cholerasuis: transmission
swine
37
S. cholerasuis: incubation
6-72 hours
38
S. cholerasuis: presentation
gastroenteritis followed by bacteremia and fever
39
S. cholerasuis: epi
rare | young age, malaria, immune dysfunciton, AIDS, 'roids, immunsuppression, sickle cell anemia
40
S. Typhinmurium and Enteriditis: presentation
headache, chills, abdominal pain, vomitting, diarrhea, then fever
41
S. Typhinmurium and Enteriditis: duration
1-4 days
42
S. Typhinmurium and Enteriditis: incubation
8-48 hours after consumption
43
S. Typhinmurium and Enteriditis: diagnosis
1. fecal culture: salmonella traits | 2. PCR; O and H antigen
44
S. Typhinmurium and Enteriditis: treatment
self limting fluid and electrolyte replacement antibiotics if necessary
45
S. Typhinmurium and Enteriditis: path
1. LPS 2. T3SS 3. extracellular toxins
46
S. Typhinmurium and Enteriditis: Sources
poultry, pork, dog food, eggs contamination of egg shells fruits and vegetables reptiles
47
S. Typhinmurium and Enteriditis: disease
non-tyhpoidal bacteremia associated with a weakened immune system
48
S. Typhinmurium and Enteritidis: pathogenesis
1. LPS release during epithelial cell invasion 2. T3SS mediated invasion of macrophages 3. extracelullar microbes produce toxins (pertussis like) that promote inflammation

Microbiology (4 decks)

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