Shock

Question 1

If an unconscious patient responds to pain stimuli by opening their eyes, they earn …. on the AVPU scale

a) V
b) A
c) P
d) U

Answer 1

c) P

Question 2

Shock is defined as ‘inadequate capillary perfusion’ This can be a factor of:

a) A heart condition and reduced cardiac output
b) Compromised vascular system / blood pressure
c) Poor lung / breathing efficiency
d) All of the above

Answer 2

d) All of the above

Question 3

Anaphylactic shock is caused by:

a) Allergic reactions
b) Severe blood loss
c) Trauma
d) Sever infection

Answer 3

a) Allergic reactions

Question 4

Which of the following type of shock are caused by blood or plasma loss?

a) Anaphylactic
b) Respiratory
c) Hypovolaemic
d) Cardiogenic

Answer 4

c) Hypovolaemic

Question 5

When caring for a casualty, your first action after checking scene safety and response should be:

a) Re-establish circulation ASAP
b) Establish and maintain an open airway
c) Control catastrophic bleeding
d) Control minor bleeding

Answer 5

c) Control catastrophic bleeding

Question 6

Blood pressure is directly influenced by all of the following except:

a) Blood volume
b) Fluid electrolyte balance
c) Breathing rate
d) Cardiac output

Answer 6

c) Breathing rate

Question 7

If an unconscious patient loses their radial pulse but has a carotid pulse, and shows signs of hopovolaemic shock, you would expect their systolic blood pressure to be:

a) Less than 60 mmHg
b) Less than 90 mmHg
c) Less than 120 mmHg, but above 90 mmHg
d) all of the above

Answer 7

b) Less than 90 mmHg

Question 8

How could you best improve the patient mentioned in last question?

a) Monitor closely
b) Give o2 and 2 litres of oral fluid
c) Give o2, insert large-bore cannular and administer 250ml of IV fluid and monitor
d) Give o2 and insert large-bore cannular and give 2 liters of fluid and monitor

Answer 8

c) Give o2, insert large-bore cannular and administer 250ml of IV fluid and monitor

Question 9

The non-rebreather reservoir mask flow-rate should not fall below ….. liters per minute

a) 4
b) 6
c) 8
d) 15

Answer 9

d) 15

Question 10

To achieve effective ventillatory support, you should deliver …. ml of oxygen at a rate of ….. breaths per minute

a) 300ml, 16 to 20 L / m
b) 500ml, 12 to 20 L / m
c) 800ml, 20 to 30 L / m
d) 1000ml, 16 to 24 L / m

Answer 10

b) 500ml, 12 to 20 L / m

Question 11

The bag valve mask device with o2 reservoir can deliver up to ….. % of oxygen with flow rates at 10 - 15 L/m

a) 50%
b) 60%
c) 80%
d) 95%

Answer 11

d) 95%

Question 12

A saturation diver suffered a crush hand injury 3 days ago. The wound is not healing well and the surrounding area has become increasingly red and swollen. He has a raised temperature, a mottled and pale appearance, which is cool and clammy and he has reduced blood pressure. What is your diagnosis?

a) Hypovolaemic shock
b) Anaphylatic shock
c) Septic shock
d) Neurogenic shock

Answer 12

c) Septic shock