Shock

Question 1

What is shock at its core?

Answer 1

Inadequate perfusion of oxygen to body tissue beginning at cellular level. (result in death of cell up to organism)

Question 2

T/F Shock is just low blood pressure.

Answer 2

F

Question 3

DKA can cause shock by:

Answer 3

resultant osmotic diuresis

Question 4

What is Cushing’s Triad?

Answer 4

1) Bradycardia, 2) HTN w/ widening of pulse pressures, 3) Irregular respirations

Question 5

What does Cushing’s Triad indicate?

Answer 5

Increased intracranial pressure (cerebral herniation)

Question 6

Capillaries are made of only tunica __?

Answer 6

Intima

Question 7

Veins or arteries - which has more tunica media?

Answer 7

veins

Question 8

Veins or arteries - which has more tunica adventitia?

Answer 8

arteries

Question 9

What is tunica intima?

Answer 9

smooth muscle

Question 10

What is tunica adventitia?

Answer 10

fibrous outer layer

Question 11

What is tunica intima?

Answer 11

Semi-permiable endothelial cells.

Question 12

Average person’s blood volume:

Answer 12

6 liters

Question 13

Amount blood can lose w/o noticing

Answer 13

15% (~1 liter)

Question 14

Amount lost for compensated shock

Answer 14

15%-30% (~1-2 liters)

Question 15

Amount lost for decompensated shock

Answer 15

35%-45% (~2-3 liters)

Question 16

Amount lost for irreversible shock

Answer 16

45%+ (roughly half total vol)

Question 17

Compensated shock response hormone:

Answer 17

epinephrine (catecholamine release - adrenergic response; epi dump)

Question 18

Compensated shock s/s

Answer 18

inc HR; inc RR; BP normal or mildly elevated; cool, pale, diaphoretic; thirsty/dry mouth; N/V; decreased GI/GU; arteriolar constriction; inc cardiac contractility strength

Question 19

Decompensated shock s/s

Answer 19

dec BP (LATE sign!); dec HR

Question 20

Cardiogenic shock means problem with:

Answer 20

pump

Question 21

Hypovolemic shock means problem with:

Answer 21

fluid

Question 22

Low resistance shock means problem with

Answer 22

container

Question 23

Types of low resistant shock (4)

Answer 23

neurogenic, psychogenic, anaphylactic, septic

Question 24

Neurogenic shock is:

Answer 24

spinal shock; disrupts nerve signals for sympathetic response t/f vasodialation

Question 25

High cervical injuries in neurogenic shock

Answer 25

Interrupts nerve impules to peripheral nervous sys

Question 26

Neurogenic shock s/s of skin

Answer 26

warm, dry, and red below the injury; cool, pale, diaphoretic above

Question 27

Neurogenic shock s/s of vitals

Answer 27

dec HR; dec BP

Question 28

Neurogenic shock trtmt

Answer 28

Maintain body temperature; IV fluid up to 2 liters (vasopressors not rec for some)

Question 29

Psychogenic shock example

Answer 29

got scared and fainted

Question 30

Hypovolemic shock s/s

Answer 30

AMS; cool/pale/diaphoretic; normal BP then drop; normal HR then slow; dec urination; cardiac dysrhythmias; thirsty; dilated pupils

Question 31

Most forgotten intervention for hypovolemic shock:

Answer 31

Blanket!

Question 32

What type of fluid for hypovolemic shock?

Answer 32

Crystalloid solution

Question 33

Old school treatment for shock:

Answer 33

Trendelenberg / raise LE

Question 34

New treatment for hypovolemic shock

Answer 34

Permissive hypotension (80-90 for PHTLS; 90-100 for ITLS)

Question 35

Helmets / shoulder pads left in place unless:

Answer 35

Interferes w/ CPR or intubation

Question 36

If remove one (shoulder pad or helmet), then

Answer 36

The other MUST come off!

Question 37

Treatment for most sports injuries:

Answer 37

RICE

Question 38

Check for what before and after splinting?

Answer 38

DNVS