Shock/ MODS Flashcards
(13 cards)
Define shock
A syndrome characterized by??? 3
What are the basic things happening ..I said these words over and over in class.
A syndrome characterized by:
Decreased blood flow
Decreased O2
Impaired cellular metabolism
What are the different categories/classifications of shock? 4
If you are given a scenario, can you identify the type of shock..and vice versa?
Cardiogenic
Hypovolemic
Distributive
Septic
Cardiogenic shock
What is it?
3 symptoms?
When there is either systolic or diastolic dysfunction of the heart’s pumping action results in reduced cardiac output (CO).
Tachycardia
Hypotension
Narrow (low) pulse pressure (<40)
Because of heart’s inability to pump blood forward during systole and increased volume during diastole
Make sure you understand what pulse pressure and MAP indicates.
How will both be affected when a person is in shock?
Low?
_ is decreased?
2 more?
Decreased _ and can be present?
-Low CO because heart doesnt pump blood forward
-MAP is decreased.
-Tachypnea
-Crackles/Rales
Decreased Renal blood flow
Head stuff can be present
Hypovolemic shock
Occurs after?
results when fluid is lost through? 4
Occurs after a loss of fluid volume
Hemorrhage
GI loss (vomiting, diarrhea)
Fistula drainage
Diabetes insipidus
What does hypovolemic shock cause?
Decreased?
Decreased? 3
Impaired?
Decreased venous return to the heart
Decreased stroke volume, cardiac output, tissue perfusion
Impaired cellular metabolism, the hallmarks of shock
Distributive Shock
AKA Neurogenic shock / Spinal shock
Injury to spinal cord causes?
Which causes?
This leads to?
Spinal cord injury, especially in neck or upper back, a person, can cause a person into neurogenic shock.
The injury causes massive vasodilation because the nervous system can’t tell them to tighten anymore.
This causes pooling of blood in the vessels instead of moving properly.
This leads to tissue hypoperfusion, and ultimately impaired cellular metabolism.
EXAM QUESTION!!!
What are the 2 most important symptoms of neurogenic shock?
How is body temperature affected by distributive shock?
Hypotension and Bradycardia
Initially, patient’s skin is warm due to the massive vasodilation.
As heat disperses, patient is at risk for hypothermia.
Later, the patient’s skin may be cool or warm depending on temp of the room
Dry
Why is there vasodilation and not vasoconstriction with distributive shock, septic shock, and anaphylactic shock?
Something either chemically or neurologically tells the vessels to relax too much
causing vasodilation instead of the usual vasoconstriction needed to keep blood pressure up.
Anaphylactic shock
Life threatning allergic reaction
The reaction quickly causes
-Massive vasodilation
-Release of vasoactive mediators (histamine)
-An increase in capillary permeability.
(As capillary permeability increases, fluid leaks from the vascular space into the interstitial space)
Anaphylactic Shock can lead to: 2
Respiratory distress due to laryngeal edema or severe bronchospasm
Circulatory failure from the massive vasodilation
Septic shock
What is it?
3 major pathophysiologic effect?
Because of acute vasodilation what occurs?
A group of symptoms or syndrome in response to an infection. Body’s response is extreme
Vasodilation
Maldistribution of blood flow
Myocardial depression
Because of acute vasodilation, relative hypovolemia and hypotension occur.
Blood flow in the microcirculation is decreased
Causing poor O2 delivery and tissue hypoxia.
Septic Shock resp failure: What happens?
The patient initially…..
hyperventilates as a compensatory mechanism, resulting in respiratory alkalosis.
Once the patient can no longer compensate, respiratory acidosis develops
