shopping and the learning approach

Question 1

(vicarious) reinforcement (initiation)

Answer 1

• being complimented or seeing other being complimenting
• social media places emphasis on appearance and the desire to be considered trendy and fashionable

Question 2

celebrities and advertisements (initiation)

Answer 2

• social media places emphasis on appearance and the desire to be considered trendy and fashionable
• imitation is more likely if the individual identifies with the celebrity

Question 3

positive reinforcement (maintenance)

Answer 3

• shopping becomes compulsive because of it’s rewarding effects

Question 4

adrenaline rush and rewards (maintenance)

Answer 4

• we get a dopamine rush when we buy things, motivating people to shop compulsively

Question 5

negative reinforcement (maintenance)

Answer 5

• the aftermath of a shopping binge gives a feeling of emptiness
• shopping may have been used to block out negative feeling that have now resurfaced

Question 6

cue reactivity (relapse)

Answer 6

• CR from social media can mean people find it difficult to not make a purchase
• shopping can substitute low self esteem, guilt or frustration
• spending too much money can cause unpleasant feelings and make them want to stop

Question 7

relief from withdrawal symptoms (relapse)

Answer 7

• negative emotions (e.g anxiety and depression) can be relieved by shopping again
  -relief is only temporary

Question 8

strength

Answer 8

• ## explains clear gender differences in western cultures

Question 9

weakness

Answer 9

• too simplistic and doesn’t consider other explanations like the bio approach and the involvement of the dopamine reward system