short answers Flashcards
In the film coded bias, what did Joy discover when she examined the facial recognition systems of several large tech corporations, what did she do to rectify the problem?
Joy Buolamwini discovered biases in facial recognition systems that showed significant accuracy discrepancies, particularly in recognizing darker-skinned individuals and women. To rectify the problem, she advocated for algorithmic fairness and pushed for legislative changes to regulate facial recognition technology’s ethical use.
What is measuring? What is a unit of measurement? and how is it related to big data and society?
Measuring involves quantifying or determining the size, amount, or degree of something. A unit of measurement is a defined quantity used as a standard for measurement (e.g., metre, kilogram). In the context of big data and society, measurement is crucial as data often relies on quantitative attributes or metrics. Units of measurement standardise data, allowing for consistent analysis, comparison, and interpretation within society’s various sectors.
What is a census? provide 2 reasons why it is important to the nation’s state and the people of the nation state. Is it big data or small data?
A census is an official count or survey of a population, typically including demographic, social, and economic characteristics of individuals within a country. It is essential for a nation-state because:
a) Policy Planning: Helps governments allocate resources, plan public services, and make informed policy decisions.
b) Representation: Ensures fair political representation and distribution of electoral districts.
A census involves vast amounts of data and is typically considered big data due to the extensive volume and diversity of information collected.
What does this statement “data has social and material shaping qualities” mean provide an example to explain and support.
This statement implies that data not only reflects societal structures and behaviours but also influences and shapes them. For instance, social media algorithms shape the content users see, influencing opinions and behaviours. Conversely, societal norms and behaviours shape the data collected, such as patterns in healthcare data reflecting societal health trends.
explain why the environics analytics prizm geodemographic system is equivalent to the panoptic sort.
The Environics Analytics PRIZM geodemographic system categorises populations based on various demographic and behavioural data, similar to the panoptic sort. Both systems classify individuals into groups or categories based on specific criteria (like income, lifestyle, behaviours), enabling surveillance or targeted marketing strategies based on these classifications.
what is required to attest to the trust of a data set?
To attest to the trust of a dataset, factors such as data quality, reliability, accuracy, transparency about data sources and collection methods, security measures, and compliance with ethical standards and regulations are essential.
Why do some scholars consider it important to factor materiality and take an elemental approach? including labour when it comes to the study of data/AI infrastructure?
Scholars emphasise materiality and an elemental approach to recognize that data/AI infrastructure isn’t purely virtual but relies on physical components and labour. It’s important to understand the environmental impact, resource usage, and the human labour involved in creating and maintaining data/AI infrastructure. This approach helps in assessing the social, economic, and environmental implications of data technologies beyond just their digital aspects.
