Short stories test

Question 1

the historical time and place and social circumstances that create the world in which characters act and make choices

Answer 1

Setting

Question 2

the social circumstances of a story often illuminate & provide insights into the meaning of a literary piece

Answer 2

Setting

Question 3

landscape, scenery, room layout, buildings, etc

Answer 3

Geographic location

Question 4

occupations/working conditions, way of life, way of talking/behaving, clothing, habits, attitudes, customs and beliefs, speech patterns, laws, the past/present/future

Answer 4

Cultural backdrop/social context/time period

Question 5

rooms, buildings, cities, towns, villages, futuristic settings, etc

Answer 5

Artificial environment

Question 6

tools, implements, gadgets, clothing/costumes, furniture

Answer 6

Props

Question 7

authors describe light, shadow, colors, shapes, smells and sounds to create distinctive ____

Answer 7

Moods

Question 8

can be described using emotion-based adjectives

Answer 8

Moods

Question 9

analyzing the correlation between setting and character by considering the way characters respond to their environment and adjustments to changes in the setting

Answer 9

Setting as a reflection of character

Question 10

if author gives details about a character’s favorite room, workplace, hideaway…the reader can infer certain traits to enhance character development

Answer 10

Setting as a reflection of character

Question 11

have some universal aspect that is associated by most people with particular human experience and helps the reader understand the author’s theme
ex. the desert, the sea, underground, the garden, the maze, the castle

Answer 11

Archetypal settings

Question 12

the process of presenting the different aspects of character and personality of someone in a novel or short story

Answer 12

Characterization

Question 13

what they say (dialogue) and what they do/think (actions and internal monologue) are examples of what literary element

Answer 13

Characterization

Question 14

the ____ tells a story from a certain ___ __ ____ and then develops the _____ of the person in the narrative

Answer 14

narrator, point of view, character

Question 15

knows all the thoughts of all characters, so he/she may choose to describe a character explicitly

Answer 15

Omniscient narrator

Question 16

does not control characterization in the narrative; but tells what he/she sees without recourse to the thoughts of any other character

Answer 16

Limited narrator

Question 17

a narrator who is too young or guileless to understand true evil or the true motives of other characters

Answer 17

Innocent eye or Naive observer

Question 18

a narrator whose motives are suspect and whose interpretation of events the reader should question

Answer 18

Unreliable narrator

Question 19

the character that we like or with whom we sympathize; the main character; the point of view character

Answer 19

Protagonist

Question 20

the enemy of the protagonist

Answer 20

Antagonist

Question 21

the author concentrates on a SINGLE dominant trait to the exclusion or reduction of others; these are usually minor characters

Answer 21

Flat character

Question 22

the author presents a couple, fully rounded personality; these are usually major characters

Answer 22

Round character

Question 23

this character changes little over the course of a narrative; is revealed by the action but is not changed by the action (more prevalent in shorter fiction)

Answer 23

Static character

Question 24

this character changes in response to the actions through he/she passes; more prevalent in longer works of fiction

Answer 24

Dynamic character

Question 25

this character embodies a certain kind of universal human experience ex. Femme fatale, siren, the old witch, damsel in distress, mentor

Answer 25

Archetypal character

Question 26

the process of the resolution of conflict

Answer 26

Plot

Question 27

usually involves the outline of the clearly connected and independent actions undertaken by characters

Answer 27

Plot

Question 28

- person vs. person - person vs. inner self - person vs. society - person vs. fate - person vs. nature

Answer 28

Traditional conflicts found in literature

Question 29

the journey of the hero in its numerous manifestations from the basis of many plots in literature

Answer 29

Archetypal concepts of plot

Question 30

analysis of "quest" structures that are useful in linking plot to theme ex. the quest for identity, journey in search of knowledge, quest for vengeance, the quest to rid the land of danger

Answer 30

Archetypal concepts of plot

Question 31

usually applied to the framework: the elements of arguments in the plot or storyline in fiction or outline of other literary works

Answer 31

Narrative structure

Question 32

used to indicate the nonstructural elements of a work: metaphor, imagery, diction, tone, rhyme, meter

Answer 32

Narrative texture

Question 33

stories unfolding quick or violent action vs. extended discussion of ideas where very little action takes place

Answer 33

Narrative pace

Question 34

the central, underlying, and controlling idea of a literary work

Answer 34

Theme

Question 35

abstract concept that may be represented by a character, actions or images in a literary work

Answer 35

Theme

Question 36

generalization about human conduct that may be serious or comic, profound or unsurprising (expressed in a full sentence NOT one word, the conflict, or stated in the text)

Answer 36

Theme

Question 37

How to ascertain the theme...

Answer 37

1. Understand the plot, characterization and conflict, imagery and author's tone 2. Identify the subject in one word 3. Explain in two sentences what the author says about the subject.

Question 38

aka first-person because of pronouns like (I, me, we, us, our) are used to tell the story

Answer 38

Participant POV

Question 39

the story is told and is about the narrator who is a character in the story

Answer 39

Major character narrator

Question 40

the narrator tells a story that focuses on someone else, but the narrator is still a character in the story

Answer 40

Minor character narrator

Question 41

character telling the story might be a child or developmentally disabled individual

Answer 41

Innocent Eye Narrator

Question 42

contrast between perceives and what the reader understand may produce and ironic effect

Answer 42

Innocent Eye Narrator

Question 43

a narrative method in modern fiction in which the author tells the story through an unbroken flow of thought and awareness

Answer 43

Stream of Consciousness (interior monologue)

Question 44

the first person narrator can approach other fictional characters, can be the eyewitness (observing what others do/say), and can summarize events and retreat from a scene its significance

Answer 44

Participant narrator

Question 45

the ____ _____ point of view allows the reader to be discerning; the reader must determine whether the narrator is trustworthy

Answer 45

First person

Question 46

also called third-person point of view because third-person pronouns (he, him, she, her, they, them) are used to tell the story; Can be subdivided into three types

Answer 46

Nonparticipant point of view

Question 47

the author can enter the minds of all characters

Answer 47

Omniscient narrator

Question 48

the author limits his omniscience to the minds of a few of the characters or to the mind of a single character

Answer 48

Selective (limited) omniscient narrator

Question 49

allows freedom in that the narrator knows all there is to know about the characters, externally and internally; describes what the characters are feeling and thinking

Answer 49

Omniscient point of view

Question 50

the narrator may shift focus from the close view to the larger perspective

Answer 50

Omniscient point of view

Question 51

the narrator may comment on events and characters, explaining the significance to the reader; may offer multiple perspectives on the same event

Answer 51

Omniscient point of view

Question 52

the author knows everything about a SPECIFIC character; story is portrayed through the eyes of one character and is a sense of distance from other characters

Answer 52

Limited Omniscient point of view

Question 53

approximates conditions of life in that only one character's thoughts are known; story is more unified through the use of this pov

Answer 53

Limited Omniscient point of view

Question 54

allows inferences to be made by readers through their observance of dialogue and external action

Answer 54

Objective point of view

Question 55

readers not directly influences by this author's statements; readers' perceptions are influenced more subtly by the author's section of diction and details

Answer 55

Objective point of view

Question 56

the speaker's attitude toward the subject which is revealed by the words he/she chooses (diction); to misinterpret this you misinterpret meanings of passages

Answer 56

Tone

Question 57

the understanding of word choice, details, imagery, and language all contribute to the understanding of ____

Answer 57

Tone

Question 58

appeals to emotion | ex. upset, joyful, happy, afraid

Answer 58

Emotional tone

Question 59

emphasizes emotion over reason | ex. sweet, sympathetic, zealous (passionate, dedicated)

Answer 59

Sentimental tone

Question 60

becomes emotional to the point of being laughable | ex. dramatic, sarcastic, seductive

Answer 60

Lugubrious tone

Question 61

``` how complex a speaker's attitude might be, clues that indicate shift: key words (however, nevertheless, although); punctuation (semicolons, dashes, periods); changes in line/stanza or sentence length; sharp contrasts in diction ```

Answer 61

Shift in tone