Shoulder Flashcards by Alexis McKeever

Trapezius origin and insertion

Origin - C7-T12 spinous process

Insertion - Clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

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Trapezius innervation

Accessory nerve (CN XI)

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Trapezius action

Elevate and rotate scapula

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Latissimus dorsi origin and insertion

Origin - T7-T12, iliac crest

Insertion - Humerus (intertubercular groove)

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Latissimus dorsi innervation

Thoracodorsal nerve

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Latissimus dorsi action

Adduct, extend and IR arm

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Levator scapulae origin and insertion

Origin - C1-C4 spinous processes

Insertion - Superior medial scapula

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Levator scapulae innervation

Dorsal scapular (C3-C4)

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Levator scapulae action

Elevate scapula

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Rhomboid minor origin and insertion

Origin - C7-T1

Insertion - medial scapula (at spine)

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Rhomboid minor innervation

Dorsal scapular

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Rhomboid minor action

Adduct scapula

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Rhomboid major origin and insertion

Origin - T2-T5

Insertion: Medial scapula

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Rhomboid major innervation

Dorsal scapular

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Rhomboid major action

Adduct scapula

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What happens if there is weakness of the trapezius?

Lateral winging

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What muscles connect the UE to the spine

Levator Scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor

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Triangular space borders

Teres minor
Teres major
Triceps long head

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What structure(s) are in the triangular space?

circumflex scapular artery

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Quadrangular space borders

Teres minor
Teres major
Long head triceps
Medial border of humerus

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What structure(s) are in the quadrangular space?

Axillary nerve

Posterior circumflex humeral artery

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Borders of triangular interval

Triceps long head
Triceps lateral head
Teres major

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What structure(s) are in the triangular interval?

Deep artery of the arm

Radial nerve

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Supraspinatus origin and insertion

O: supraspinatus fossa

I: great tubercle (superior)

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Supraspinatus innervation

suprascapular nerve

Supraspinatus action

Abduct FF arm Stability

Infraspinatus origin and insertion

O: Infraspinatus fossa I: greater tubercle (middle)

Infraspinatus action

ER arm Stability

Teres minor origin and insertion

O: Lateral scapula I: greater tubercle (inferior)

Teres minor innervation

axillary nerve

infraspinatus innevervation

suprascapular

Teres minor action

ER arm stability

Subscapularis origin and insertion

O: subscapular fossa I: lesser tubercle

Subscapularis innervation

upper and lower subscapular nerve

Subscapularis action

IR adduct arm stability

Deltoid origin and insertion

O: Clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Deltoid innervation

axillary

Deltoid action

abduct arm

Teres major origin and insertion

O: inferior angle of scapula I: Humerus (intertubercular groove)

Teres major innervation

lower subscapular

Teres major action

IR Adduct arm

which muscle is trapped in shoulder impingement

supraspinatus

which rotator cuff tendon is most commonly torn

supraspinatus

where would you see most atrophy in axillary nerve damage?

deltoid

what muscle protects the radial nerve in posterior approach for shoulder repair

teres major

Pectoralis major origin and insertion

O: clavicle, sternum I: Humerus (intertubercular groove)

Pectoralis major innervation

medial and lateral pectoral

Pectoralis major action

adduct arm IR humerus

Pectoralis minor origin and insertion

O: ribs 3-5 I: coracoid process

Pectoralis minor innervation

medial pectoral nerve

Pectoralis minor action

stabilizes scapula

what muscle divides the axillary artery into 3 parts

Pectoralis minor

Serratus anterior origin and insertion

O: ribs 1-8 I: antero-medial border of scapula

Serratus anterior innervation

long thoracic

Serratus anterior action

holds scapula to chest wall

Paralysis of what muscle causes medial winging of scapula

serratus anterior

Subclavius origin and insertion

O: Rib 1 (and costal cartilage) I: Clavicle (inferior border/mid 3rd)

Subclavius innervation

nerve to subclavius

Subclavius action

depresses clavicle

What is pathognomonic for a rotator cuff tear on MRI

communication between the shoulder joint and subdeltoid bursa (subacromial space)

pathogenesis of external impingement

repeated arm abduction causes repeated impingement of the supraspinatus tendon between the greater tubercle and acromion causing degeneration and inflammation of the tendon, secondary inflammation of bursa, and pain

3 stages of adhesive capuslitis

pain, stiffness, resolving (thawing)

what is adhesive capsulitis

synovial inflammation leads to capsular fibrosis and loss of joint space

which tests test for biceps tenditinits?

speed and yergason's test

what is biceps tendinitis associated with?

impingement, rotator cuff tear (esp. subscapularis), and tendon subluxation

what tests test for external impingement?

Neers and Hawkins test

Name +test for rotator cuff tear

SS: FF, +empty can test IS: ER, +hornblower's Subscapularis: IR, +lift off, +belly press, increased ER

What is TUBS?

Traumatic anterior shoulder instability (Traumatic Unilateral dislocations with a Bankart lesion requiring Surgery) - Result of dislocation (Trauma) - Most often UNILATERAL - Labral tear (BANKART lesion) results from the dislocation - SURGERY is most often needed (90% recurrence rate)

What is AMBRI?

Glenohumeral joint instability - ATRAUMATIC - MULTIDIRECTIONAL - BILATERAL - Responds to REHAB - INFERIOR capsular shift may help

what is SLAP lesion?

tear of superior labrum from anterior to posterior

what tests would be positive for SLAP lesion

O'brien's | Crank test

imaging for labral tears

MR arthrogram

condition with small, undescended scapula; omovertebral bone connects C-spine to scapula that is associated with Klippel-Field syndrome, scoliosis and kidney disease neck appears short/full, often decreased ROM

Sprengel's deformity

what is a bankart lesion

is an avulsion of the anterior labrum and anterior band of the IGHL from the anterior inferior glenoid. Bony bankart lesion - is a fracture of the anterior inferior glenoid

what is Hill-Sachs defect

is a chondral impaction injury in the posterosuperior humeral head secondary to contact with the glenoid rim. is present in 80% of traumatic dislocations and 25% of traumatic subluxations is not clinically significant unless it engages the glenoid

What nerves make up the brachial plexus?

C5-T1

Which nerves make up the cervical plexus?

C1-C4

What CN is axillary nerve?

C5, C6

What CN is radial nerve

C5-8, T1

What CN makes up median nerve

C5-8, T1

What CN makes up ulnar nerve

C7, C8, T1

Shoulder Flashcards

(81 cards)