Shoulder

Question 1

what are you looking for anteriorly in shoulder examination

Answer 1

contour of the shoulder
deltoid and trapezius muscle bulk
sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints for deformity
clavicle for deformity
scars

Question 2

what are you looking for laterally in shoulder examination

Answer 2

shoulder contour
sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints

Question 3

what are you looking for posteriorly in shoulder examination

Answer 3

supraspinatus and infraspinatus fossa for wasting
scapular for asymmetry

Question 4

what are you looking for in the axillae during a shoulder examination

Answer 4

lumps/swellings
scars

Question 5

what 5 things are you feeling for in a shoulder examination

Answer 5

sternoclavicular joint and clavicle
acromioclavicular joint and acromion
long head of biceps
scapula - spine and body
coracoid process

Question 6

what movements are involved in a shoulder examination and what muscles are they testing)

Answer 6

external rotation (infraspinatus and teres minor)
forward flexion (anterior deltoid)
abduction (supraspinatus)
internal rotation (subscapularis)
scapula winging (trapezius or serratus anterior)

Question 7

what are the 6 tests for rotator cuff and/or ACJ pathology in a shoulder examination

Answer 7

painful arc on abduction
scarf test
hawkins-kennedy test
jobe’s test
test of subscapularis
test of infraspinatus

Question 8

describe the hawkin-kennedy test

Answer 8

ask the patient to bend the elbow up to 90 degrees and then tilt the arm downwards and observe if it causes the patient pain

Question 9

what does hawkin-kennedy test look for

Answer 9

impingement

Question 10

describe jobe’s test

Answer 10

ask the patient to straighten their arms and turn their hand inwards so the thumb is facing the floor
ask them to bring the back of their hands together against restriction

Question 11

what is jobe’s test looking for

Answer 11

rotator cuff tear of supraspinatus

Question 12

describe the test for subscapularis

Answer 12

ask the patient to place the back of their hand on their buttocks or both hands on their belly and ask them to push away from their body against restriction

Question 13

describe the test for infraspinatus or teres minor

Answer 13

ask the patient to tuck their elbows in beside them and bend their elbows and then ask them to push their arms out to the sides against restriction

Question 14

describe the scarf test

Answer 14

ask the patient to wrap their arm around their neck like a scarf to test for ACJ pathology

Question 15

what are the special tests for suspected shoulder instability

Answer 15

sulcus sign
anterior and posterior drawer test
anterior apprehension and relocation
posterior apprehension test

Question 16

describe the sulcus sign test

Answer 16

with one hand on the shoulder and the acromioclavicular joint and the other on the arm, pull the arm down and observe for a visible gap in the joint

Question 17

describe the anterior and posterior drawer test

Answer 17

with one hand on the shoulder and the other on the arm
anterior drawer - pull the arm forward
posterior drawer - push the arm backwards
observe for instability of the shoulder joint

Question 18

describe the posterior apprehension test

Answer 18

get the patient to cross their arm across their body and push their shoulder backwards by pushing on the elbow
observe for discomfort and apprehension of the patient

Question 19

describe the anterior apprehension test

Answer 19

get the patient to lie on the edge of the bed so their arm will hang off the bed, get the patient to bend their elbow into 90 degrees and externally rotate the shoulder
observe for discomfort and apprehension of the patient
place pressure on the shoulder to relocate the joint