Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Upper Extremity Evaluation > Shoulder and Arm > Flashcards

Shoulder and Arm Flashcards

(57 cards)

Start Studying
0
Q

Which joint serves as the only connection of the axial skeleton to upper extremity?

A

Sternoclavicular joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

As you give up mobility you give up…

A

Stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the landmarks on the humerus

A 
Head
Greater Tubercle
Lesser Tubercle
Bicipital Groove
Anatomical Neck
Surgical Neck
Diaphysis
Deltoid Tuberosity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which bone is the second bone to ossify?

A

Scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

True or False, there are no direct bony or ligamentous attachments to the scapula

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many degrees is the glenoid oriented relative to the coronal plane of the body?

A

30-45 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the benefit of having the glenoid oriented at the plane of the scapula?

A

This angle places the rotator cuff muscles at optimal length-tension relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the scapula articulate to?

A

Clavicle and humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the landmarks of the body of the scapula?

A

Subscapular Fossa, medial/lateral borders, superior border, inferior angle, superior angle, lateral angle, supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa, subscapular facet, greater scapular notch, suprascapular notch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or false: The glenoid fossa is bigger than the head of the humerus

A

False; the glenoid fossa is smaller than the head of the humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the glenoid labrum?

A

The labrum consists of remnants of the capsular fold and is continuous with the articular cartilage of the glenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the first bone to ossify?

A

Clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What anchors the upper extremity to the axial skeleton?

A

Clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is the clavicle placed?

A

Horizontally above the first rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

True or False: the medial 2/3 of the clavicle is more flat than the lateral 1/3 of the clavicle

A

False; the medial 2/3 of the clavicle looks more cylindrical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is a common site for fractures on the clavicle?

A

The point at which the clavicle begins to transition from a convex to a concave bend, approximately two-thirds of the way along its shaft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which ribs does the manubrium articulate with?

A

Ribs 1 and 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do ribs 2-7 articulate with on the sternum?

A

The body of the sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How many degrees of freedom does the SC joint have?

A

Three degrees of freedom (elevation/depression, IR/ER, Protraction/Retraction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the ligaments of the SC joint?

A

Anterior sternoclavicular ligament
Posterior sternoclavicular ligament
Interclavicular ligament
Costoclavicular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many degrees of freedom does the acromioclavicular joint have?

A

Three degrees: elevation/depression, protraction, retraction, rotational

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What type of articular disc makes up the AC joint?

A

Incomplete fibrocartilage disc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the ligaments of the AC joint?

Study These Flashcards
A

Superior acromioclavicular ligament
Inferior acromioclavicular ligament
Coracoclavicular ligament

23
Q

What are the three degrees of freedom for the GH joint?

Study These Flashcards
A

Flexion/extension, ABD/ADD, IR/ER

25
What does the acronym SICK stand for?
Scapular malposition, Inferior Medial Border Prominence, Coracoid process tenderness, dysKinesis of the scapular movement
26
Which tests will rule out a SLAP lesion compared to a labral lesion?
Negative O'Brien's, Negative Biceps Pull Test
27
What are the ligaments of the GH joint?
Glenohumeral ligaments (capsular thickenings) Coracohumeral ligament Coracoacromial ligament Transverse humeral ligament
28
What constitutes a Grade 4 AC sprain?
Posterior clavicle separation, CC and AC tear
29
What constitutes a Grade 5 AC sprain?
Superior Clavicle separation, AC and CC tear
30
What constitutes a Grade 6 AC sprain
Clavicle is posterior to the coracobrachialis, AC and CC tear
31
What is the etiology for the sternoclavicular joint?
FOOSH or direct trauma to the tip of shoulder
32
What is the etiology of a rotator cuff pathology?
Impingement, bone spurs, tensile overload, traumatic tendon failure
33
What are the three types of acromial architecture?
Type I- flat Type II- curved Type III- hooked
34
What are the three types of acromial architecture?
Type I- flat Type II- curved Type III- hooked
35
What type of acromial architecture is common in full thickness rotator cuff tears?
Type III hooked acromial architecture
36
What faulty biomechanics lead to impingement syndrome?
Poor scapular biomechanics
37
What is the painful arc?
Painful arc begins at 30 degrees of abduction and peaks at 90 degrees of abduction with internal rotation
38
What is the primary impingement syndrome?
Compression of the rotator cuff tendons between humeral head and anterior third of acromion, AC joint, coracoid, or CA ligament Flexion, Horizontal ADD, and Internal Rotation during acceleration and follow through of the throwing phases lead to primary impingement
39
What is secondary impingement?
Rotator cuff or biceps tendon impingement secondary to GH instability
40
What is undersurface impingement?
Impingement in the 90/90 position common with anterior humeral head translation
41
What are the Neer's Progressive Stages?
Stage I- result of supraspinatus or biceps tendon injury presenting with point tenderness Stage II- permanent thickening and fibrosis of supraspinatus and biceps tendon Stage III- history of shoulder problems and pain, tendon defect (3/8") or possible muscle tear and permanent scar tissue Stage IV- atrophy of infra and supraspinatus, paind ruing abduction, tendon defect greater than 3/8 inches, limited active and full passive ROM, weak in resistive ROM and clavicle degeneration
42
What are the contributing factors to rotator cuff tendinitis and tendinosus?
``` Muscle imbalances between IRs and ERs Capsular laxity Poor scapular control Impingement syndrome Acromion Shape ```
43
True or false, Rotator cuff tendons have poor vascular supply?
True, the supraspinatus is the most vulnerable out of the four rotator cuff muscles
44
Which rotator cuff muscles are usually involved in tendinitis due to eccentric load in overhead sports?
Teres Minor and Infraspinatus
45
What can follow rotator cuff dysfunction and can be associated with repeated stretching?
Bicepital Tendinitis
46
What is type I Scapular Dyskinesis?
Inferior medial scapular border prominence, tends to be associated with labral tears
47
What is type II Scapular Dyskinesis?
Medial scapular border prominence; tends to be associated with labral tears
48
What is type III Scapular Dyskinesis?
Superior medial scapular border prominence: impingement syndrome and rotator cuff lesions
49
What are the signs and symptoms of scapular dyskinesis?
Affected shoulder tends to be held lower and is rolled forward Prominent inferior scapular border due to tight pectoralis major/minor, weak serratus anterior and lower portion of trapezius Posterior tipping may contribute to functional narrowing of subacromial space, leading to pain when shoulder is abducted and externally rotated Winging becomes more pronounced withf atigue and may contribute to impingement and rotator cuff injury
50
What are the signs and symptoms of scapular dyskinesis?
Affected shoulder tends to be held lower and is rolled forward Prominent inferior scapular border due to tight pectoralis major/minor, weak serratus anterior and lower portion of trapezius Posterior tipping may contribute to functional narrowing of subacromial space, leading to pain when shoulder is abducted and externally rotated Winging becomes more pronounced withf atigue and may contribute to impingement and rotator cuff injury
51
What is the etiology for adhesive capsulitis?
Contracted inelastic rotator cuff muscles that have thickened joint capsule with little synovial fluid. Generalized pain with motions resulting in resistance of movement
52
Out of the types of sternoclavicular dislocation, which one is the most serious?
Posterior dislocation; possibly life threatening because it could compress the trachea, subclavian artery, subclavian vein, and esophagus, must require surgery
53
Out of the types of sternoclavicular dislocation, which one is the most serious?
Posterior dislocation; possibly life threatening because it could compress the trachea, subclavian artery, subclavian vein, and esophagus, must require surgery
54
What is a Hill-Sachs lesion?
Osteochondral fracture of the posterior humeral head; Usually occurs with anterior shoulder dislocation
55
What is a Bankhart lesion?
Avulsion of the glenoid labrum and its attachment to the inferior glenohumeral ligament
56
What are the four classifications of the SLAP tear?
Type I: RC degeneration and/or fraying of the LHBT Type II: Avulsion tear associated with LHBT damage Type III: bucket handle tear with displacement Type IV: bucket handle tear with tearing of the LHBT
57
What are the four classifications of the SLAP tear?
Type I: RC degeneration and/or fraying of the LHBT Type II: Avulsion tear associated with LHBT damage Type III: bucket handle tear with displacement Type IV: bucket handle tear with tearing of the LHBT

Upper Extremity Evaluation (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions