Shoulder Complex Flashcards by Reilly Francek

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Motions at the scapulothoracic joint

-elevation
-depression
-retraction
-protraction
-upward rotation
-downward rotation

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motions at the GH joint

-abduction
-adduction
-flexion
-extension
-external rotation
-internal rotation

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sternoclavicular joint type

synovial

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sternoclavicular joint shape

saddle

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clavicle is convex in what direction and concave in what direction

convex superior/inferior
concave anterior/posterior

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CPP of SC joint

full elevation

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LPP of SC joint

arm at the side

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SC Elevation: plane of motion and axis

Rotation in frontal plane around a sagittal axis

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SC Elevation roll and glide of clavicle and sternum

convex end of clavicle rolls superiorly and glides inferiorly on the sternum

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maximal elevation of SC joint

45 degrees

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Protraction of SC joint: plane of motion and axis

transverse plane motion with vertical axis

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Protraction of SC joint: roll and glide

concave clavicle rolls and glides anterior on the sternum

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Protraction of SC joint: amount of motion

15-30 degrees

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Retraction of SC joint: plane of motion and axis

concave surface of clavicle rolls and glides posterior on the sternum

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Retraction of SC joint: amount of motion

15-30 degrees

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Rotation of SC joint: plane and axis

longitudinal plane sagittal axis

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Rotation of SC joint: direction of rotation

superior clavicle rotates posteriorly due to tension on the coracoclavicular ligament

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Rotation of SC joint: amount of motion

rotates 20-35 degrees

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Stabilizing structures of the SC joint

-capsule
-sternoclavicular ligaments
-interclavicular ligaments
-costoclavicular ligaments
-articular discs
-muscles

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function of Ant. and Post. sternoclavicular ligaments

-reinforce capsule
-limit ant/post movement of clavicle

interclavicular ligament: location and function

-cross superior aspect of SC joint
-attach to medial ends of clavicle
-provide superior joint stability

costoclavicular ligaments: location and function

attach first rib to inferior surface of clavicle
-check elevation of the clavicle on the first rib

articular disc: location and function

-fibrocartilage that divides joint into med and lat cavities
- shock absorption
-provides stability

stabilizing muscles of the SC joint

sternocleidomastoid sternothyroid sternohyoid

AC joint type

plane synovial joint (3 degrees of freedom)

shape of joint surfaces of AC joint

sometimes concave sometimes convex (don't need to know arthrokinematics)

CPP of AC joint

90 degrees of ABD

LPP of AC joint

arm at the side

upward rotation of AC joint: movement of acromion to clavicle

acromion moves up and outward in relation to the clavicle

upward rotation of AC joint: amount of motion

up to 30 degrees with arm elevation

downward rotation of AC joint: movement of acromion to clavicle (include axis)

acromion moves down and inward in relation to the clavicle, sagittal axis

Transverse plane movements of AC joint: axis

vertical

Transverse plane movements of AC joint: motion of the scapula

medial border of scapula moves closer or further away from the thorax (IR and ER)

Sagittal plane movements of AC joint: axis

frontal axis

Sagittal plane movements of AC joint: motion of scapula

inferior angle of scapula tips away or towards thorax (ant and post tilting)

stabilizing structures of the AC joint

-superior and inferior AC ligaments -coracoclavicular ligament -articular disc -muscles

superior and inferior acromioclavicular ligaments: location and function

-attaches tot he acromion and clavicle -reinforce the AC joint capsule

coracoclavicular ligaments: location and function

- bind clavicle to coronoid process of scapula -control vertical joint stability -check upward rotation -check medial displacement of clavicle -create longitudinal rotation of clavicle

coracoclavicular ligaments: parts

trapezoid - lateral portion conoid - medial portion

what is a step deformity at the AC joint?

Acromioclavicular joint dislocation occurs when the clavicle separates from the scapula.

stabilizing structures of the AC joint: muscles

upper trapezius deltoids

Location of the scapulothoracic "joint"

between 2nd and 7th ribs about 6 cm from the spinous processes

movements at the scapulothoracic "joint"

-elevation -depression -retraction -protraction -upward rotation -downward rotation

elevation of the scapula: prime movers

-upper trapezius -levator scapulae -rhomboid minor -rhomboid major

depression of the scapula: prime movers

-subclavius -pectoralis minor -pectoralis major (lower fibers) -lower trapezius -serratus anterior (lower fibers) -latissimus dorsi (lower fibers)

retraction of the scapula: prime movers

-rhomboid minor -rhomboid major -middle fibers of trapezius -latissimus dorsi (upper fibers)

protraction of the scapula: prime movers

-pectoralis minor -pectorals major -serratus anterior

upward rotation of the scapula: prime movers

-upper trapezius -lower trapezius -serratus anterior (60 degrees of scapular rotation available at ST joint)

downward rotation of the scapula: prime movers

-levator scapulae -rhomboids major and minor -pectoralis minor (pectoralis major (lower fibers) and latissimus dorsi)

Function of scapular movement

-orientates glenoid fossa for optimal contact with the head of the GH -adds range to arm elevation -provides stable base for GH movements