Shoulder Complex & Elbow

Question 1

Flexors of the shoulder (4)

Answer 1

anterior deltoid, pectoralis major (clavicular head), coracobrachialis, biceps brachii

Question 2

pectoralis major (clavicular head)

Answer 2

O: medial 1/2 of clavicle
I: lateral lip of biciptal groove
A: flexion of humerus to 90 degrees
N: Lateral and Medial Pectoral (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

Question 3

infraspinatus

Answer 3

O: infraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle of humerus (middle facet)
A: lateral rotation & extension of shoulder; stabilizes head of humerus in glenoid fossa.
N: Suprascapular (C5, C6)

part of rotator cuff

Question 4

abductors of shoulder (2)

Answer 4

supraspinatus, middle deltoid

Question 5

extensors of shoulder (7)

Answer 5

latissimus dorsi, teres major, posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor, triceps brachii (long head), pectoralis major (sternal head)

Question 6

adductors of shoulder (5)

Answer 6

pectoralis major as a whole, coracobrachialis, latissimus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis

Question 7

lateral rotators of shoulder (3)

Answer 7

infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior deltoid

Question 8

medial rotators of shoulder (5)

Answer 8

anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi

Question 9

horizontal adductors of shoulder (2)

Answer 9

anterior deltoid, pectoralis major

Question 10

horizontal abductors of shoulder (1)

Answer 10

posterior deltoid

Question 11

elbow flexors (3)

Answer 11

biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis

Question 12

elbow extensors (2)

Answer 12

triceps brachii, anconeus

Question 13

coracobrachialis

Answer 13

O: coracoid process
I: middle portion of medial surface of humerus
A: flexion, adduction of humerus

Question 14

depressors of scapula (2)

Answer 14

pectoralis minor, lower trapezius

Question 15

elevators of scapula (2)

Answer 15

upper trapezius, levator scapulae

Question 16

retractors of scapula (2)

Answer 16

middle trapezius, rhomboids

Question 17

supraspinatus

Answer 17

O: supraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle of humerus (superior facet)
A: abduction, stabilizes head of humerus in glenoid fossa
N: Suprascapular (C5, C6)

part of rotator cuff

Question 18

teres major

Answer 18

O: inferior angle of scapula, lower 1/3 of axillary border
I: medial lip of bicipital groove
A: extension, adduction, & medial rotation of humerus
N: Subscapular (C5, C6)

Question 19

middle deltoid

Answer 19

O: lateral acromion process
I: deltoid tuberosity
A: abduction of humerus
N: Axillary (C5, C6)

Question 20

posterior deltoid

Answer 20

O: lateral spine of scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity
A: extension, lateral rotation, horizontal abduction of humerus
N: Axillary (C5,C6)

Question 21

upward rotators of scapula (3)

Answer 21

upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior

Question 22

downward rotators of scapula (3)

Answer 22

levator scapulae, rhomboids, pectoralis minor

Question 23

protractors of scapula (2)

Answer 23

serratus anterior, pectoralis minor

Question 24

anterior deltoid

Answer 24

O: lateral 1/3 of clavicle
I: deltoid tuberosity
A: flexion, horizontal adduction, medial rotation of humerus
N: Axillary (C5, C6)

Question 25

rhomboid major

Answer 25

O: T2-T5 spinous processes I: vertebral border of scapula from inferior angle to root of spine A: retraction & downward rotation of scapula N: Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

Question 26

rhomboid minor

Answer 26

O: C7-T1 spinous processes I: root of spine of scapula A: retraction & downward rotation of scapula N: Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

Question 27

middle trapezius

Answer 27

O: occiput; ligamentum nuchae; C7-T12 spinous processes I: spine of scapula A: retraction of scapula N: Cranial Nerve XI

Question 28

latissimus dorsi

Answer 28

O: last 3-4 ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, T7-T12 spinous processes, iliac crest & inferior angle of scapula I: bicipital groove A: extension, medial rotation, adduction of humerus N: Thoracodorsal (C6, C7, C8)

Question 29

levator scapulae

Answer 29

O: transverse processes of C1-C4 I: vertebral border of scapula from superior angle to root of spine A: elevation & downward rotation of scapula N: Dorsal Scapular (C5)

Question 30

serratus anterior

Answer 30

O: lateral surface of upper 8 ribs I: vertebral border of scapula A: protraction, upward rotation of scapula, stabilize it against chest wall N: Long Thoracic (C5, C6, C7)

Question 31

pectoralis major (as a whole - action only)

Answer 31

A: adduction, horizontal adduction, medial rotation of humerus N: Lateral and Medial Pectoral (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

Question 32

pectoralis major (sternal head)

Answer 32

O: whole surface of sternum & cartilage of first 6 ribs I: lateral lip of bicipital groove A: extension of humerus from flexed position N: Lateral and Medial Pectoral (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

Question 33

subscapularis

Answer 33

O: subscapular fossa I: lesser tubercle of humerus A: medial rotation of shoulder, stabilizes head of humerus in glenoid fossa, small amount of abduction of humerus N: Subscapular (C5, C6)

Question 34

upper trapezius

Answer 34

O: occiput, ligamentum nuchae, C7-T12 spinous processes I: lateral clavicle, acromion process A: elevation & upward rotation of scapula N: Cranial Nerve XI

Question 35

lower trapezius

Answer 35

O: occiput, ligamentum nuchae, C7-T12 spinous processes I: root of spine of scapula A: depression & upward rotation of scapula N: Cranial Nerve XI

Question 36

pectoralis minor

Answer 36

O: ribs 3,4,5 I: coracoid process A: protraction, depression & downward rotation of scapula N: Medial Pectoral (C8, T1)

Question 37

teres minor

Answer 37

O: upper 2/3 of axillary border of scapula I: greater tubercle (inferior facet) A: lateral rotation, extension of humerus, stabilizes head of humerus in glenoid fossa N: Axillary (C5, C6)

Question 38

scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 38

2:1 ratio, humerus to scapular movement

Question 39

biceps brachii

Answer 39

O: long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula short head - coracoid process of scapula I: radial tuberosity of radius A: flexion of elbow, supination of forearm, flexion of humerus N: Musculocutaneous (C5, C6)

Question 40

brachialis

Answer 40

O:distal 1/2 of anterior surface of humerus I: tuberosity of ulna, coronoid process of ulna A: flexion of elbow N: Musculocutaneous (C5, C6)

Question 41

triceps brachii

Answer 41

O: long head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula short head - posterior surface of humerus, above spiral groove medial head - posterior surface of humerus, below spiral groove I: olecranon process of ulna A: extension of elbow, assists in extension of humerus N: Radial nerve (C7, C8)

Question 42

anconeus

Answer 42

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: olecranon process of ulna A: assists w/ extension of elbow N: Radial nerve (C7, C8)

Question 43

brachioradialis

Answer 43

O: lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus I: styloid process of radius A: flexion of elbow in neutral position of forearm (drinking muscle!) N: Radial nerve (C5, C6)