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YBOD 200 > Shoulder girdle and shoulder joint > Flashcards

Shoulder girdle and shoulder joint Flashcards

1
Q

Which structures articulate in order to form the shoulder joint?

A

Head of the humerus and glenoid fossa

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2
Q

What is each articular surface covered by?

A

Hyaline cartilage

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3
Q

Articular disc that lies in the glenoid cavity and is usually deep

A

Glenoid labrum

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4
Q

Why do we need the glenoid labrum to be deep ?

A

To stabilize the joint

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5
Q

What does the fibrous membrane form when it thickens?

A

ligaments

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6
Q

What does the fibrous membrane form when it thickens?

A

ligaments

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7
Q

What does the fibrous membrane attach to?

A

Margin of the glenoid cavity

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8
Q

Where is the coraco humeral ligament located

A

Superiorly, between coracoid process and humerus (Coracohumeral ligament)

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9
Q

Where are transverse humeral ligaments located?

A

Between greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus
- Transverse humeral ligament

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10
Q

Where is the Coraco acromial ligament located?

A

Between coracoid process and acromion process
- Coraco-acromial ligament

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11
Q

Bursae

A

Synovial membrane protrudes through to form bursae.

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12
Q

Why does it protrude?

A
  • To reduce friction between tendons and other structures
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13
Q

What is the most consistent bursa?

A

the subtendinous bursa

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14
Q

Where is the subtendinous bursa found?

A
  • Between subscapularis muscle and fibrous membrane
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15
Q

Where is the subacromianal bursa found?

A

Between acromion and supraspinatus muscle
- Between deltoid and supraspinatus muscles

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16
Q

Where deos the trapezius muscle originate?

A

Superior nuchal line
External occipital protuberance
Nuchal ligament
Spinous process of C7 to T 12

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17
Q

Where deos the trapezius muscle insert

A

Upper fibres on lateral 1/3 of the clavicle
- Middle fibres on acromion and scapula spine
- Lower fibres on tubercle of scapula spine

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18
Q

What makes up the shoulder girdle?

A

Shoulder girdle formed by scapula and clavicle
Girdle is the link between the thorax and upper limb.

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19
Q

What action does the trapezius play a role in?

A
  • Scapula elevation, scapula rotation during abduction (Upper)
    • Scapula retraction (Middle fibres)
    • Scapula depression (Lower fibres)
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20
Q

what are the nerves that run through the trapezius muscle.

A
  • Accessory nerve (CN XI)
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21
Q

Where does the levator scapulae muscle originate?

A
  • Transverse processes of C1-C4
22
Q

Where deos the levator scapulae muscle insert?

A
  • Superior border of the scapula
23
Q

What action deos the levator scapula muscle perform

A
  • Shoulder elevation
    • Assists in lateral rotation of the scapula
24
Q

What are the nerves that run through the levator scapulae muscle?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
- Anterior rami of C3-C5 spinal nerves

25
Q

Where deos the Rhomboid minor muscle lie?

A

Lies deep to trapezius

26
Q

Where deos the Rhomboid minor muscle originate?

A

Lower end of nuchal ligament
- Spinous process of C7 – T1

27
Q

Where deos the Rhomboid minor muscle insert?

A
  • Medial border of the scapula
    • Until root of the spine of the scapula
28
Q

What action deos the rhomboid minor and major perform

A
  • Holds scapula against the thoracic wall
    • Retracts the scapula
    • Assists in elevation of the scapula
29
Q

What nerves run through the rhomboid minor and major muscle

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4 - C5)

30
Q

What deos the serratus anteriour muscle originate?

A

Finger-like processes from ribs 1 – 8 laterally

31
Q

Where deos the serratus anterior muscle insert?

A

Costal surface of the medial border of the scapula

32
Q

What actions deos serratus anterior perform?

A

Holds scapula against the thoracic wall
- Protraction and rotation (in abduction) of the scapula

33
Q

What are the nerves that run through the serratus anterior muscle

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5 - C7)

34
Q

Where does the subclavius muscle originate?

A
  • First rib and its costal cartilage
35
Q

Where does the subclavius muscle insert?

A

Inferior surface of the middle 1/3 of the clavicle

36
Q

What are it’s actions( subclavius muscle)

A

Anchors and depresses the clavicle

37
Q

What are some of the nerves that run through the subclavius?

A

Nerve to subclavius (C5 – C6)

38
Q

Where deos the Pectoralis major muscle lie?

A

Lies deep to the breast
- Separated from it via the deep fascia

39
Q

Where does the pectoralis major muscle originate?

A

Anterior border of the medial half of the clavicle
- Anterior surface of the sternum and ribs 1-7 costal cartilage
- Aponeurosis of the External oblique muscle

40
Q

Where does the pectoralis major muscle insert?

A

Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

41
Q

What actions does the pectoralis major muscle perform?

A

Adduction
- Medial rotation
- Clavicular fibres flex at the shoulder joint

42
Q

What are the nerves that run through it? (pec major?)

A
  • Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
43
Q

Where deos the pectoralis minor muscle originate?

A

Anterior surfaces and superior border of ribs 3 to 5

44
Q

Where deos the pectoralis minor muscle insert

A

Medial border of the coracoid process of the scapula

45
Q

What actions deos the pectoralis minor muscle perform?

A

Protracts and depresses shoulder

46
Q

What nerves run through the pectoralis minor muscle perform?

A

Innervation by the Medial pectoral nerve

47
Q

Where does the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A
  • Spinous processes of T7 to L5
    • Posterior surface of the sacrum
    • Posterior part of iliac crest
    • Rib 9 - 12
48
Q

Where does the latissimus dorsi muscle insert?

A
  • Floor of the intertubercular sulcus
49
Q

What actions deos the latissimus dorsi muscle perform?

A
  • Extension
    • Medial rotation
    • Adduction
50
Q

What actions deos the latissimus dorsi muscle perform?

A
  • Extension
    • Medial rotation
    • Adduction
51
Q

What nerves run through the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6 – C8

YBOD 200 (4 decks)

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