Shy

Question 1

Anhedonia

Answer 1

The inability to experience or even imagine any pleasant emotion.

Example sentence: Individuals with depression may experience anhedonia, where they no longer find enjoyment in activities they used to love.

Question 2

Anosognosia

Answer 2

A symptom of some mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, in which the individual is manifesting overt symptoms of illness but is unaware of the presence of symptoms/unaware that there is anything wrong.

Question 3

Catatonia

Answer 3

A type of psychological disturbance that is typified by stupor or excitement. Stupor is characterized by extreme psychomotor retardation, mutism, negativism, and posturing; excitement, by psychomotor agitation, in which the movements are frenzied and purposeless. Catatonic symptoms may be associated with other mental or physical disorders.

Question 4

Circumstantiality

Answer 4

In speaking, the delay of an individual to reach the point of a communication, owing to unnecessary and tedious details.

Question 5

Clang association

Answer 5

A pattern of speech in which the choice of words is governed by sounds. Clang associations often take the form of rhyming.

Question 6

Delusions

Answer 6

A state of mental confusion and excitement characterized by disorientation for time and place, often with hallucinations, incoherent speech, and a continual state of aimless physical activity. Fixed false beliefs.

Question 7

Echolalia

Answer 7

The parrot-like repetition, by an individual with loose ego boundaries, of the words spoken by another.

Question 8

Echopraxia

Answer 8

An individual with loose ego boundaries attempting to identify with another person by imitating movements that the other person makes.

Question 9

Extra pyramidal symptoms

Answer 9

A variety of responses that originate outside the pyramidal tracts and in the basal ganglion of the brain. Symptoms may include tremors, chorea, dystonia, akinesia, akathisia, and others. May occur as a side effect of some antipsychotic medications.

Question 10

Gynecomastia

Answer 10

Enlargement of the breasts in men; may be a side effect of some antipsychotic medications.

Question 11

Hallucinations

Answer 11

False sensory perceptions not associated with real external stimuli. Hallucinations may involve any of the five senses.

Question 12

Illusion

Answer 12

Misperception of a real external stimulus.

Question 13

Loose associations

Answer 13

A thinking process characterized by speech in which ideas shift from one unrelated topic to another. The individual is unaware that topics are unconnected. (See also associative looseness.)

Question 14

Magical thinking

Answer 14

A primitive form of thinking in which an individual believes that thinking about a possible occurrence can make it happen.

Question 15

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

Answer 15

A rare but potentially fatal complication of treatment with neuroleptic drugs. Symptoms include severe muscle rigidity, high fever, tachycardia, fluctuations in blood pressure, diaphoresis, and rapid deterioration of mental status to stupor and coma.

Question 16

Neologism

Answer 16

New words that an individual invents that are meaningless to others but have symbolic meaning to the psychotic person.

Question 17

Paranoia / Paranoid Delusions

Answer 17

A term that implies extreme suspiciousness. In schizophrenia, paranoia is characterized by persecutory delusions and hallucinations of a threatening nature.

Question 18

Perseveration

Answer 18

Persistent repetition of the same word or idea in response to different questions.

Question 19

Social skills training

Answer 19

Educational opportunities through role play for the person with schizophrenia to learn appropriate social interaction skills and functional skills that are relevant to daily living.

Question 20

Tangentiality

Answer 20

The inability to get to the point of a story. The speaker introduces many unrelated topics until the original topic of discussion is lost. Tangentiality can be symptomatic of cognitive disruptions common in schizophrenia.

Question 21

Waxy flexibility

Answer 21

A condition by which the individual with schizophrenia passively yields all movable parts of the body to any efforts made at placing them in certain positions

Question 22

Word salad

Answer 22

A group of words that are put together in a random fashion without any logical connection.

Question 23

Schizophreniform disorder:

Answer 23

features of this disorder are identical to those of schizophrenia except that the duration, including prodromal, active, and residual phases, is at least 1 month but less than 6 months

Question 24

Schizoaffective disorder:

Answer 24

manifested by s/s of schizophrenia along with a strong element of symptomatology associated with the mood disorders (depression or mania)

Question 25

Grandiose delusions

Answer 25

Exaggerated feeling of importance, power, knowledge, or identity - “I am Jesus Christ”

Question 26

Delusion of reference

Answer 26

Events within the environment are referred by the psychotic person to himself or herself (“Someone is trying to get a message to me through the articles in this magazine I must break the code so that I can receive the message”) - may think other people in the room who are giggling must be laughing about him

Question 27

Delusion of control or influence

Answer 27

Individual believes certain objects or persons have control over his or her behavior (“The dentist put a filling in my tooth; I now receive transmissions through the filling that control what I think and do”) - person believes that his or her thoughts or behaviors have control over specific situations or people (mother who believes that if she scolds her son in any way, he will die) similar to magical thinking

Question 28

Somatic delusion

Answer 28

Individual has a false idea about the functioning of his or her body, believe that they have some type of general medical condition or that there has been an alteration in a body organ or its function (“The doctor says I’m not pregnant, but I know I am”; “There is an alien force that is eating my brain”).

Question 29

Nihilistic delusion

Answer 29

Individual has a false idea that the self, a part of the self, others, or the world is nonexistent or has been destroyed (“The world no longer exists”; “I have no heart”).

Question 30

Erotomanic delusions

Answer 30

Erotomanic delusions falsely believe that someone, usually of a higher status, is in love with him or her. Famous persons are often the subjects of erotomanic delusions. Sometimes the delusion is kept secret, but some individuals may follow, contact, or otherwise try to pursue the object of their delusion.

Question 31

Jealous delusions

Answer 31

Idea that the person’s sexual partner is unfaithful. The idea is irrational and without cause, but the individual with the delusion searches for evidence to justify the belief. The sexual partner is confronted (and sometimes physically attacked) regarding the imagined infidelity. The imagined “lover” of the sexual partner also may be the object of the attack. Attempts to restrict the autonomy of the sexual partner in an effort to stop the imagined infidelity are common.