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Southern Italy > Sicily > Flashcards

Sicily Flashcards

1
Q

What separates Sicily from Calabria.

A

Strait of Messina

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2
Q

Who discovered Marsala in Sicily and when?

A

John Woodhouse
1773
He first fortified the wine to ensure safe shipment to his home country.

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3
Q

Grape varieties of Marsala.

A

Oro/Ambra: Grillo, Ansonica (Inzolia), Catarratto, Damaschino
Rubino: Perricone, Calabrese (Nero d’Avola), and Nerello Mascalese; plus a max. 30% white grapes

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4
Q

Minimum alcohol of Marsala DOC

A

12% Natural
Fine: 17.5% (after fortification)
Superiore, Vergine, Solera, and Riserva styles: 18% (after fortification)

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5
Q

Minimum RS of Marsala DOC

A

Secco (Dry): max. 40 g/l
Semisecco (semi-sweet): 40-100 g/l
Dolce (sweet): min. 100 g/l

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6
Q

Aging requirements of Marsala DOC

A

Fine: Min. 1 year in oak or cherry wood (first 4 months may be in alternative containers)
Superiore: Min. 2 years in oak or cherry wood
Superiore Riserva: Min. 4 years in oak or cherry wood
Vergine/Solera: Min. 5 years in oak or cherry wood
Vergine Riserva/Solera Riserva/Vergine and Solera Stravecchio: Min. 10 years in oak or cherry wood

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7
Q

Climate of Sicily

A

Mediterranean heat is countered by altitude in the better vineyards, allowing large diurnal swings to even the ripening process.
Beneficial hillside exposures are common on the mountainous island.

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8
Q

White and red grapes indigenous to Sicily.

A

Catarratto, Inzolia, Grecanico, Carricante, Grillo, Zibibbo, Malvasia, Nero d’Avola, Frappato, Perricone, Nerello Mascalese, Nerello Cappuccio

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9
Q

Calabrese is also known as this.

A

Nero d’Avola

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10
Q

What is Sicily most heavily planted grape?

A

Catarrato

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11
Q

Grape of Alcamo Bianco DOC

A

Catarrato

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12
Q

Dominant red and white grapes of Etna DOC

A

Carricante
Nerello Mascalese

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13
Q

What type of soil do the vines of Mount Etna benefit from?

A

Well drained-volcanil soils

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14
Q

Main grape of Faro DOC

A

45% - 60% Nerello Mascalese
15% - 30% Nerello Cappuccio
5% - 10% Nocera

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15
Q

Where is Faro DOC

A

On Sicily’s extreme northeastern coast

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16
Q

Palari is well known in this DOC.

A

Faro DOC, Sicily

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17
Q

What are the DOCG of Sicily?

A

Cerasulo di Vittoria DOCG

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18
Q

Grape varieties of Cerasulo di Vittoria DOCG

A

50-70% Nero d’Avola (Calabrese)
30-50% Frappato

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19
Q

Soils of Cerasulo di Vittoria DOCG

A

Iron-rich clay over limestone with more sand to the east and south

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20
Q

Grape variety of Noto DOC

A

Bianco
100% Moscato/Zibibbo
Rosso:
minimum 65% Nero d’Avola
Nero d’Avola:
minimum 85% Nero d’Avola

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21
Q

Styles of Noto DOC

A

Moscato
Spumante
Liquoroso
Passito
Rosso

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22
Q

Minimum RS of Moscato di Noto Spumante DOC

A

Moscato di Noto Spumante: 50 g/l

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23
Q

Where are Moscato di Noto and Moscato di Siracusa DOC.

A

East of Vittoria in southeastern Sicily.

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24
Q

Grape of Siracusa DOC

A

Moscato

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25
Q

Where is Malvasia delle Lipari DOC located?

A

Off the northern coast of Sicily

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26
Q

What style of wines are Mavlasia delle Lipari DOC

A

Liquoroso/Passito

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27
Q

Drying requirements of Malvasia delle Lipari DOC

A

Malvasia Passito may be labeled “Dolce Naturale” if the yield of the grapes after drying is not greater than 45% of the original volume.
Malvasia Liquoroso requires the yield of the grapes after drying to be no greater than 60% of the original volume.

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28
Q

Where is Pantelleria DOC?

A

near the African Coast

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29
Q

True or False: Pantelleria is a volcanic island

A

True

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30
Q

Grape of Moscato di Pantelleria DOC/Passito di Pantelleria

A

100% Zibbibo

31
Q

What is the minimum must weight of Moscato Dorato in Pantelleria?

A

Moscato Dorato: grapes must obtain a 250 g/l minimum must weight and be fortified with pure grape based alcohol equal to at least 5% of the volume of the must.

32
Q

Fermentation requirement of Moscato di Pantelleria/Moscato Liquoroso

A

Moscato di Pantelleria/Moscato Liquoroso: wine is to be obtained by the fermentation of fresh must.

33
Q

What does Passito di Pantelleria/Passito di Pantelleria Liquoroso require to go through on the vine?

A

Passito di Pantelleria/Passito di Pantelleria Liquoroso: grapes must undergo partial appassimento on the vine and can obtain a maximum 60% sugar content.

34
Q

Minimum RS for Passito di Pantelleria DOC

A

Moscato Dorato: 100g/l (250g/l according to Wine Searcher)

35
Q

What is the fortified version of Passito di Pantelleria?

A

Passito di Pantelleria Liquoroso

36
Q

Climate of Pantelleria?

A

Hot and dry
Hot growing season
Strong warm winds blowing of the North African coast

37
Q

When was Passito de Pantalleria granted DOC status?

A

1971

38
Q

Muscat Blanc e Petits Grains is a cousin of what Muscat grape in Pantelleria.

A

Muscat de Alessandria (Zibbibo)

39
Q

What does Zibbibo translate to?

A

Raisin in Arabic

40
Q

Where is Muscat de Alessandria thought to have originated?

A

Nile Delta, near the Egyptian city of Alexandria

41
Q

What is Italy’s most southern growing region?

A

Sicily

42
Q

What is the largest island in the Mediterranean?

A

Sicily

43
Q

What is the triskelion?

A

A motif with three protrusions on the Sicilian flag that is used to reflect Sicily being in the shape of a triangle.

44
Q

Climate if Sicily

A

-Consistently bright sunshine and reliably moderate rainfall
-Mediterranean climate is ideally suited to the production of wine grapes.
-Warm, dry climate means that mildews and rots are kept to a minimum, particularly in well-ventilated areas that benefit from coastal breezes.

45
Q

What are the four DOCS on the southeasten coast of Sicily on the lower slopes of the Iblei Mountains (from East to West).

A

Vittoria
Eloro
Noto
Siracusa

46
Q

The western fifth of Sicily is covered by this DOC.

A

Marsala

47
Q

In addition to Marsala DOC, these DOCs lie within the west of Sicily

A

Alcamo
Contessa Entellina
Delia Nivolelli
Erice
Menfi
Monreale
Salaparuta
Santa Margherita di Belice
Sciacca
Sambuca di Sicilia

48
Q

What province and where is Faro DOC?

A

Messina province in the Northeastern part of Sicily

49
Q

Grape of Faro DOC

A

45% - 60% Nerello Mascalese
15% - 30% Nerello Cappuccio
5% - 10% Nocera
maximum 15%, alone or combined, Calabrese (Nero d’Avola), Gaglioppo (Montonico Nero), Sangiovese

50
Q

How many subzones in Etna DOC?

A

133 contrade

51
Q

Etna lies within this province.

A

Catania

52
Q

Grape varieties of Etna Bianco

A

Minimum 60% Carricante
Maximum 40% Catarratto Bianco Comune or Cataratto Bianco Lucido
Maximum 15% Trebbiano and/or Minnella Bianca and/or other non-aromatic white grapes suitable for cultivation in Sicilia

53
Q

Grape varieties of Etna Bianco Superiore

A

Minimum 80% Carricante
Maximum 20% Trebbiano and/or Minnella Bianca and/or other non-aromatic white grapes suitable for cultivation in Sicilia

54
Q

Grape varieties of Etna Rosso/Rosato

A

Minimum 80% Nerello Mascalese
Maximum 20% Nerello Mantellato (Nerello Cappuccio)
Maximum 10% non-aromatic white grapes suitable for cultivation in Sicilia

55
Q

Grape varieties of Etna Spumante (rosato or bianco)

A

Minimum 60% Nerello Mascalese
Maximum 40% other grapes suitable for cultivation in Sicilia

56
Q

What style of rosato is allowed in Etna.

A

Blending or saignée

57
Q

Aging requirements of Etna Rosso Riserva

A

Minimum 4 years aging from November 1 of the harvest year including 12 months in wood.

58
Q

Aging requirements for Etna Supmante.

A

Spumante must undergo secondary fermentation in bottle and rest on the lees for a minimum of 18 months.

59
Q

True or False: Etna Bianco Superiore wines can come from any part of Etna.

A

False: Can only originate in Milo

60
Q

When was Etna DOC established?

A

1968

61
Q

Aging requirements of Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG.

A

Cerasuolo di Vittoria: May not be sold until June 1 of the year following the harvest
Cerasuolo di Vittoria Classico: May not be sold until March 31 of the second year following the harvest

62
Q

What are the Classico villages of Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG.

A

Vittoria
Comiso
Acate
Chiaromonte Gulfi
Santa Croce Camerina
And portions of:
Niscemi
Gela
Caltagirone
Licodia Eubea

63
Q

What does Marsala “Vecchio” indicate?

A

The wine has met the minimum requirements for Marsala Superiore.

64
Q

What does Marsala Fine IP indicate?

A

Italy Particular

65
Q

What does Marsala Superiore SOM indicate?

A

Superior Old Marsala

66
Q

What does Marsala Superiore GD indicate?

A

“Garibaldi Dolce”, a reference to a 19th-century general

67
Q

What does Marsala Superiore LP indicate?

A

London Particular

68
Q

What do Oro, Ambra and Rubino indicate?

A

Oro: Gold
Ambra: Amber
Rubino: Ruby

69
Q

What is Mosto Cotto?

A

The freshly pressed juice of wine grapes, simmered down to syrup.

70
Q

What Marsala style requires 1% of Mosto Cotto?

A

Ambra

71
Q

What does Concia mean?

A

The addition of mosto cotto.

72
Q

True or False: The addition of Mosto Cotto is required for all styles of Marsala.

A

False - only required for Marsala Ambra.

73
Q

True or False: Vergine styles of Marsala are required to be sweetened.

A

False - they are not allowed to be sweetened.

74
Q

What are the yields for white and red grape varieties in Marsala?

A

White Varieties: 10 tons/ha
Red Varieties: 9 tons/ha

Southern Italy (11 decks)

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