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Unit 3 Pharm III > Side effects > Flashcards

Side effects Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

“Central Alpha Agonists”

A

Sedation/drowsiness
Xerostomia
Orthostatic hypotension

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2
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Lisinopril (ACE-I)

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3
Q

extrapyramidal symptoms/tardive dyskinesia

A

Metoclopramide

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4
Q

Kills healthy intestinal flora, leading

to C. difficile infections

A

Clindamycin

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5
Q

Non-selective Beta blockers

A 
Bronchospasm
worsen CHF
raise lipids
impaired glucose tolerance
fatigue
decreased libido/impotence
depression
insomnia
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6
Q

Possible serotonin syndrome if combined with other serotonergic drugs

A

Tramadol/Nucynta

Ondasetron (Zofran)

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7
Q

Calcium Carbonate

A

Hypercalcemia

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8
Q

blue-black hyperpigmentation

A

Minocycline

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9
Q

Disulfiram like reaction

A

flagyl

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10
Q

Osmotic laxatives SE

A

GI discomfort, bloating

caution:
Mg-containing laxatives and hypermagnesemia in pts with renal insufficiency

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11
Q

Cardioselective beta blockers

A

Reduced SE but not eliminated

Raise lipids

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12
Q

QT prolongation / Torsades

A

Methadone
Buprenorphine patch
Ondansetron (Zofran)
Quinolones

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13
Q

Adverse reactions to anti-diarrheals

A

Ileus

Toxic megacolon

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14
Q

Mirtazapine (Remeron) SE

A

↑ appetite, weight gain
↑ cholesterol
constipation
dry mouth

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15
Q

Ototoxicity

A

Loop diuretics, especially ethacrynic acid

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16
Q

URIs

A

Montelukast

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17
Q

Red man syndrome

A

Vancomycin

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18
Q

ICS SE

A

Thrush

Hoarseness

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19
Q

Digoxin toxicity

A

Cardiac arrhythmias
GI→ N/V/D/A, abdominal pain,
Neuro→ Confusion, weakness, lethargy, fatigue, delirium, disorientation
Visual disturbances

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20
Q

Mesalamine

A 
Increased appetite and weight gain
increased risk of infection
low bone density/osteoporosis
worsening diabetes
PUD
cataracts
adrenal insufficiency
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21
Q

infections
hepatotoxicity
malignancies

A

Immunomodulators and Biologics

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22
Q

Vancomycin SE

A

Nephrotoxicity and hearing loss (esp. with aminoglycoside use)
Red man syndrome with rapid infusion

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23
Q

Montelukast SE

A 
URIs
headache
abdominal
pain
mood changes*
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24
Q

Magnesium containing antacids

A

Diarrhea

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25
Nitrates
Orthostatic hypotension tachycardia throbbing HA
26
Black tongue, mouth, stool
Pepto-bismol
27
Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
Anticholinergic SE
28
Cartilage abnormalities
Quinolones
29
First dose phenomenon (orthostatic hypotension)
Alpha 1 adrenergic Antagonists
30
Less sexual side effects as compared to SSRIs
Mirtazapine (Remeron) | Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
31
``` Decrease libido Insomnia HA, dizziness, nervousness, fatigue Somnolence Nausea ```
SSRIs | also genrally SNRIs, most antidepressants
32
Take it with food (idk why)
Venlafaxine (Effexor)
33
High doses can precipitate gout
Loop diuretics | Thiazide diuretics
34
Rx GI agents SE Lubiprostone (Amitiza) Linaclotide (Linzess) Plecanatide (Trulance)
Diarrhea
35
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) SE
weight loss dry mouth tachycardia dizziness
36
ACE inhibitors side effects
``` Dry cough orthostatic hypotension hyperkalemia angioedema rash ```
37
Increased BP, diaphoresis
Venlafaxine (Effexor) | Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
38
***SABA side effects***
``` Tachycardia tremor nervousness/shaky dizziness upset stomach insomnia ```
39
Mood changes
Montelukast
40
Alpha 1 adrenergic Antagonists
``` *Orthostatic hypotension* (“first dose phenomenon”) Fatigue weakness nasal congestion HA ``` +/- Beneficial effect on lipids
41
Cause sedation
1st generation antihistamines
42
Non-dihydropyridines
Constipation, bradycardia, SA dysfunction, heart block
43
Complicate PUD
NSAIDs Anticoagulants Aspirin Steroids
44
Stimulant laxatives SE Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) Senna (Senokot)
GI cramping rarely lyte disturbances melanosis coli
45
Ejaculation disorder
Escitalopram (Lexapro)
46
Anticholinergic SE
``` headache dry mouth cough nausea blurred vision dizziness ```
47
Tendon rupture
Cipro
48
Angioedema
ACE inhibitors
49
Sodium Bicarbonate
Risk of sodium/fluid retention
50
Long acting nitrates
tolerance develops
51
Stool softener SE (Docusate)
GI cramping
52
Dry cough
ACE inhibitors
53
PPIs SE
Nutrient malabsorption (Ca, Mg, B12, Fe) Osteoporosis related fractures→ Consider obtaining bone density scan C. difficile / enteric infections Kidney disease
54
“Black Box” warning – Serious risk outweighs benefits when treating simple infections Recent concern for increasing risk of aortic aneurysm and dissection
Quinolones
55
Bulk forming laxatives SE
Flatulence, bloating | Need Fiber + FLUID
56
Sedating | drug-induced parkinsonism
Promethazine (phenergan) | Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
57
Associated with more weight gain than the other SSRIs
Paroxetine (Paxil)
58
SE long acting Dihydropyridine CCBs
edema
59
ARBs side effects
Orthostatic hypotension | hyperkalemia
60
Cephalosporins
Relatively favorable safety profile: Rare effects include ``` neutropenia thrombocytosis hemolysis diarrhea elevated LFTs ```
61
Cross-sensitivity: 5-10% of those allergic to PCN will also react to a ______
Cephalosporin
62
Digoxin SE
Arrhythmias headache fatigue drowsiness
63
Cause urinary retention and increased IOP
1st generation antihistamines | Sudafed
64
Aluminum hydroxide
Constipation
65
Metformin
Lactic acidosis | Especially in setting of kidney impairment
66
SE short acting Dihydropyridine CCBs
mild to moderate reflex tachycardia \headache flushing peripheral edema
67
Adverse side effects of opioids
``` N/V constipation sedation cognitive dysfunction resp depression fall risk pruritus myoclonus and hyperalgesia ```
68
***Oral glucocorticoid side effects***
anxiety agitation insomnia increased appetite
69
Aggravate or cause diarrhea
``` Mg Reglan Augmentin Metformin Colchicine ```

Unit 3 Pharm III (10 decks)

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