significant archeological sites

Question 1

features of the pasargadae garden complex

Answer 1

irrigated through water channels
-assyrian and babylonian tradition
-assyrian relief in north palace of nineveh depicts such a garden with irrigated channels

formal design - geometric and planned (see abadan’s) palace and garden coordinated for central focus area

archeology can only support division of central space into 2 - but possibly 4 for the 4 corners of the persian world

Question 2

cultural integration in pasargadae

Answer 2

column bases with fluted taurus - ionian style

lydian masonry

babylonian / assyrian gardens

Question 3

pasargadae relief

Answer 3

figure/hair = elomite
robe = phoenician
crown = egyptian

relied is in the doorway as in assyrian complexes

Question 4

abada a foundation deposit contents/interpretration

Answer 4

2/4 survive at corners of the building

silver and gold inscribed sheets - tri-lingual

greek silver coins and lydian gold coins

INTERPRETATION: represent 4 corners of the persian world? (if other deposits survived) - scythia, sardis, nubia and india

architecture as a microcosm for the universe (see this in the geometric gardens of pasargadae supposed to represent truth/balance)

Question 5

Meydanik castle in Lycia

Answer 5

fortress - named in neo-babylonian texts and two aramaic inscriptions

tribute procession relief incredibly similar to persepolis

courtly art serving as a reminder of their loyalties?

Question 6

locating the black sea hoard

Answer 6

several locations have been suggested - the truth remains unknown

egypt and sinope also suggested

levant most convincing - the proportion of coinage with test cuts (60%) - suggest a location where currency is utilised as valuable for more than just its weight of metal

Question 7

contents of the black sea hoard

Answer 7

at least 102 silver coins - 60% have been tested cut, 39% incomplete fragments of coins intentionally broken apart
38 uncoined silver objects (in the ashmolean) - ingots, hacksilver, jewellery etc

majority of coins from athens, south west asia minor, cyprus

scripts include: greek, elymian, cypriot syllabic

dated to c.420 BC

Question 8

background on the Jordan Hoard

Answer 8

Date: c.445 BC

Location: Hauran, Jordanian-Syrian border

89 attributed silver coins
miscellaneous other silver objects - ingots, hacksilver, jewellery etc
majority of coins from Thraco-Macedonian area, athens, south west Asia minor, and cyprus