Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Respiratory Block > Signs and Symptoms of Pulmonary Diseases > Flashcards

Signs and Symptoms of Pulmonary Diseases Flashcards

(51 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is dyspnea?

A

Is subjective symptom of shortness of breath/ difficulty in breathing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 3 symptoms associated with dyspnea?

A

They are air hunger, increased effort to breathe, feeling of chest tightness,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the two branches of dyspnea?

A

They are intermittent dyspnea and then persistent dyspnea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the types of intermittent dyspnea?

A

They are orthopnea (dyspnea when lying flat)

Trepopnea (when lying sideways)

Platypnea ( when sitting up)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea?

A

Sudden onset of shortness of breath occurring during sleep. .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What can diseases can cause persistent dyspnea?

A

Asthma, pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumothorax, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, obesity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of dyspnea does asthma cause?

A

Episodic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of dyspnea does pulmonary edema cause?

A

abrupt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of dyspnea does pneumothorax cause?

A

Sudden onset, moderate to severe.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is cough?

A

A normal defense of the lung in order to expel irritants. Coordinated forced expiration interrupted by closure of the glottis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the most common chronic cough causes?

A

They are smoking, post nasal drip, GERD, Asthma, ACE inhibitor use.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the description of acute cough?

A

Less than 3 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What can be the cause of acute cough?

A

Acute URI, LRI, Acute sinusitis, bronchitis, chronic condition exacerbation (asthma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What the description for subacute cough?

A

3- 8 weeks of cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What can be the cause of subacute cough?

A

Post - infection, pertussis, pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is chronic cough?

A

More than 8 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What can be cause of chronic cough?

A

Post-nasal drip, GERD, asthma, non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 2 steps involved in studying cough in a person?

A
  1. determine onset, acuity
  2. then listen to the cough
  3. ask about sputum

4.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What can wheezing cough mean?

A

bronchospasm, asthma, allergies, congestive heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What can morning cough mean?

A

cough due to smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What can nocturnal cough indicate?

Study These Flashcards
A

upper airway cough syndrome, congestive heart failures

22
Q

What does rust colored, purulent sputum mean?

Study These Flashcards
A

Pneumococcal pneumonia

23
Q

What does red currant jelly indicate?

Study These Flashcards
A

klebsiella pneumoniae infection

24
Q

What does pink, frothy sputum indicate?

Study These Flashcards
A

pulmonary edema

25
What does bloody sputum indicate?
pulmonary emboli, bronchiectasis, abcess, tuberculosis, TB, tumor, cardiac causes, bleeding disorders
26
if there is hemoptysis, what should be the next step in diagnosis?
If the blood is from mouth/nose/ and not GI in nature: It should be seen whether there blood tinged sputum or clots of blood
27
For blood tinged sputum, what can be the cause of this?
smoking, infection, tumors
28
For clot of blood sputum, what can be the cause of this?
cavitary lesion, lung tumor, cardiac disease, pulmonary embolism
29
How can you tell that something is hemoptysis vs hematemesis?
Hemoptysis is when there is frothy and bright red sputum
30
What are the 3 B's of hemoptysis?
They are bronchitis, bronchiectasis, bronchogenic carcinoma + Active TB
31
What can be the airway cause of hemoptysis?
It can be due to the 3Bs + anything with the word bronchial in it.
32
What can be the parenchymal causes of hemoptysis?
They can be TB
33
What can be the vascular cause of hemoptysis?
PE, vascular malformation, mitral stenosis, and LVF
34
What should you when patient complains of chest pain?
You should first rule of myocardial infarction, and then describe the pain and localize it.
35
What are the 2 types of chest pain in the
There is visceral and chest wall/pleuritic chest pain.
36
What is visceral chest pain?
It is hard to pinpoint the location. The intensity varies, deep/superficial, constant intermittent often causes aching sensation.
37
What can cause visceral chest pain?
Neoplasm of airways/mediastinum, abnormalities of heart, aorta, and pericardium, esophageal pain
38
What chest wall/pleuritic chest pain?
Sharp, well localized pain, increases by deep breath or cough.
39
Chest wall/pleuritic pain can be caused by:
Disease of the parietal pleura (infection, tumor, trauma) Intercostal nerve irritation (herpes zoster, spinal nerve root disease) somatic dysfunction of ribs or thoracic vertebrae costo-chondritis
40
What does wheezing indicate?
It indicates asthma.
41
What are the steps to pulmonary patient evaluation?
1. Inspection 2. Palpation 3. Percussion
42
What are the steps for percussion?
1. look at facial expression 2. Posture 3. Accessory muscle use 4. chest configuration 5. respiratory rate and pattern, skin color 6. nails/ hands 7. skin on chest 8. look at nose and throat
43
What are some clues for central cyanosis and peripheral cyanosis?
Central Cyanosis: very low paO2, lung problems (gas exchange/shunting) Peripheral Cyanosis: excessive extraction of blood in the extremities (heart, thrombosis, low temp, low volume)
44
What is clubbing?
Loss of angle between nail and terminal phalanx, increased curvature, increases sponginess, widening or terminal phalanx.
45
What are palpation methods?
Feel for areas of tenderness, symmetry, of chest excursion, tactile Fremitus (touch with 99, increases with increases with tissue density AND decreases with decreased tissue density) ,
46
Percussion involves what methods?
Dull: consolidated (pneumonia) Hyperresonant: less dense (emphysema .pneumothorax)
47
What are auscultation methods?
Vocal Fremitus (Pectoriloquy) Tests for consolidation: Normal Muffled 1. Bronchophony: voices will be louder and clearer than abnormal 2. Whispered pectriloquy: 99 clear is abnormal 3. Egophony: EEE will sound like AAA if abnormal
48
Crackles are what and what are they caused by?
Consolidation of fluid in the alveoli. Excess airway secretion is the cause. Bronchitis, respiratory infections, pulmonary edema, Atelectasis, fibrosis, CHF
49
Wheezing is caused by what and indicates what?
Asthma, pulmonary edema, bronchitis, CHF, Foreign body, tumor
50
Rhoncus
larger airway (sounds underwater) causes like bronchitis
51
Pleural Rub is what and what is caused by?
walking on snow and inflammation of pleura and caused by pneumonia and pulmonary infarction

Respiratory Block (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions