Signs + Symptoms Flashcards

1
Q

What features would make you suspect ADPKD?

A
  • Secondary HTN
  • FH
  • Recurrent kidney and urinary infections
  • Palpable polycystic kidneys
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2
Q

What are the features of acute glomerulonephritis/post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis?

A
  • Type 3 hypersensitivity - immune complexes
  • Haematuria
  • Proteinuria
  • Oliguria
  • Peripheral oedema/periorbital oedema
  • Increased BP
  • Usually occurs ~2 weeks after skin infection (impetigo) or 3-6 weeks after throat infection (pharyngitis)
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3
Q

What are the features of IgA nephropathy?

A
  • Most commonly bloody urine 1-3 days after onset of URTI (or UTI or gastroenteritis)
  • Erythrocytes + mild proteinuria - urinalysis
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4
Q

What is the presentation of HSP?

A
  • Purpuric rash (typically starts on bum, moves to legs)
  • Flitting poly arthritis, abdo pain (GI bleeding)
  • Nephritis
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5
Q

What is the presentation of anti-GBM disease (good pastures)?

A
  • Renal disease (oliguria/anuria, AKI, haematuria, renal failure)
  • Lung disease (SOB, haemoptysis due to pulmonary haemorrhage)
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6
Q

What are the signs of ADPKD?

A
  • Asymptomatic until cysts grow/haemorrhage
  • Loin pain
  • Visible haematuria
  • Cyst infection
  • Renal calculus
  • Increased BP
  • Progressive renal failure
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7
Q

What extrarenal cysts can there be in ADPKD?

A
  • Liver cysts
  • Intracranial aneurysm leading to SAH
  • Mitral valve prolapse
  • Ovarian cyst
  • Diverticular disease
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8
Q

What are the symptoms of vasculitis?

A
  • Depends on organ affected
  • Overwhelming fatigue with increased ESR/CRP
  • Systemic: fever, malaise, weight loss, arthralgia, myalgia
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9
Q

What are the symptoms of GCA/temporal arteritis?

A
  • Headache
  • Scalp tenderness
  • Tongue/jaw Claudication
  • Amaurosis fugax or sudden unilateral blindness
  • Malaise
  • Dyspnoea
  • Weight loss
  • Morning stiffness
  • Unequal or weak pulses
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10
Q

What are the symptoms of PAN?

A
  • Skin (rash, ulcers, nodules)
  • Renal (renal artery narrowing, glomerular ischaemia, HTN)
  • Cardiac, GI, GU, neuro involvement (not lungs usually)
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