SIM Lab Parkinsons Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is the triad of Parkinson’s disease?
- bradykinesia
- resting tremor, rigidity
- postural instability
Risk factors of PD? (2)
Risk factors: Depression, constipation. Likely pesticide exposure
Protective factors of PD?
Protective: Smoking, coffee/caffeine consumption
What physical exam characteristics is typically of people with PD?
- Pill rolling tremor
- Observe with testing of rapid alternating movements, finger tapping, hand gripping, heel or toe tapping (slow)
- Slow, shuffling gait
- cogwheel rigidity
- imbalance
- typically unilateral
Patient must have these two things to diagnose PD?
- bradykinesia
- tremor or rigidity
This PD medication is best as short-term monotherapy in those with mild, early disease
Amantadine
Adverse effects: livedo reticularis, orthostatic hypotension, edema, confusion, hallucination, GI distress
This PD medication is only helpful for treating tremor and drooling and causes
Anticholinergic meds
(Benzotropine, Trihexylphenidyl)
S/E: “can’t see, can’t pee, can’t sit, can’t shit”
What is the main med for PD?
Levadopa
Levadopa is combined with _______ to reduce s/e?
Carbidopa= Levadopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
S/E: Orthostatic hypotension, dyskinesias, peripheral edema, dizziness, hallucinations, abnormal dreams, nausea, constipation
This PD med is very effective except in those who haven’t shown response to levodopa
Dopamine Agonists
Mirapex
Requip
Name two MAO B Inhibitors
“GILINES”
Selegiline, Rasagiline
S/E: Insomnia, dizziness, nausea, headache
These PD meds are not effective given alone, but prolong the levodopa effect when given with a dose of levodopa.
COMT Inhibitors
“CAPONES” Tolcapone (Tasmar) & entacapone (Comtan)
S/E: Dyskinesia, hallucinations, confusion, nausea, orthostatic hypotension, diarrhea, orange urine. Tolcapone needs LFT monitoring.
