simon chabris Flashcards
(10 cards)
background
Neisser 1970s-
> overlapping 3 separately filmed videos (1) black shirt team passing bball (2) white shirt team passing bball (3) woman carrying umbrella
> 22/28 participants failed to see woman carrying the umbrella
aims
- whether results from neisser were affected by the way he made the video
- wanted to investigate the nature of the unexpected event, what they were told to focus on, difficulty of the task
sample
> 228 participants
undergrad students at harvard uni
36 people data not involved
192 participants (12 per condition
procedure
> watch short video (75 secs) and asked questions about what they’d seen - one of 16 conditions based around 4 IV:
video either opaque or transparent in appearance
unexpected event - gorilla cos to me or woman carrying umbrella
count basketball passes of either white shirt team or black shirt team
either easy task = number of passes by their team or hard task = number of aerial passes + number of bounce passes
findings
easier to see unexpected with the opaque video because it’s more closer yo your real life sight - opaque: saw umbrella woman when looking at white team = 100% - transparent = 58%
external reliability (sample size)
228 participants - 36 removed so in data analysis = 192 participants (12 per condition)
population validity (who is innitt)
undergrad students from harvard uni - not really generalisable (similar IQ + age)
usefulness
applicable = too much attention given to your phone puts you in potential harm when driving - driving without full attention to your surroundings
holistic
1 experiment with 4 different variables :
> easy/hard task
> black/white shirt team
> transparent/opaque video
> woman in gorilla costume/woman with umbrella
determinism
our behaviour is outside of our control + influenced by factors such as environment, biology etc - our ability to pay attention to unexpected events is determined by the amount of attention we have available
