Simple Harmonic Motion (S.H.M.) Flashcards

1
Q

what is the equation for the restoring force, F

A

f = -kx

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2
Q

what is the restoring force

A
  • for a system moving with simple harmonic motion

- it is the force that tries to return the object to its equilibrium position

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3
Q

what is k in that equation

A
  • the spring constant

- its value is dependent on the oscillating system

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4
Q

why is there a negative sign in the equation

A
  • to indicate that acceleration will always be to the centre of oscillation
  • as the object moves away from the equilibrium point, it will begin decelerating
  • as the force is acting in the opposite direction
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5
Q

what is the definition of simple harmonic motion

A
  • when a system is oscillating such that a force is trying to return the object to its centre position
  • and this force is proportional to the distance from that centre position
  • in simple terms, the restoring force, F = -kx
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6
Q

what is the equation for calculating the period of the oscillations of a mass m, subject to hookes law restoring force

A

T = 2 pi * the root of (m/k)

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7
Q

what is the equation for the period of a pendulum

A

T = 2 pi * the root of (l/g)

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8
Q

what is l and g in that equation

A
  • l = the length of the pendulum string

- g = gravity

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9
Q

what is the definition of oscillation

A

to undertake continuously repeated movements

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10
Q

what is the definition of a period

A

the time it takes for one complete oscillation

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11
Q

what does it mean if an oscillation is isochronous

A

the period is independent of the amplitude

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12
Q

if a 500g toy train is attached to a string with spring constant of 100Nm-1 and made to oscillate horizontally, what force acts on the train when it has an amplitude position 8cm from equilibrium

A
  • F = -kx
  • k = 100
  • x = 8cm = 0.08m
  • -100 * 0.08 = -8N
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13
Q

how fast will the train accelerate whilst at this amplitude position

A
  • F = ma
  • a = F/m
  • -8/0.5 = -16ms-2
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14
Q

What actually is simple harmonic motion

A
  • when acceleration
  • which is always acting towards the equilibrium
  • is directly proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium
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