Simple Stomach Animals (Dog)

Question 1

Abdominal Cavity

Answer 1

Abdominal cavity: contains a number of crucial

organs including the lower part of the esophagus, the stomach,

small intestine, colon, rectum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen,

kidneys, and bladder.

Question 2

Peritoneal Cavity

Answer 2

• The peritoneal cavity is the continuous area between the parietal peritoneum lining the abdominal wall and the visceral peritoneum surrounding the abdominal organs. It does not contain organs, but instead contains a thin film of peritoneal fluid
• LIVER is intraperitoneal (inside peritoneal cavity)
• Outermost layer of kidney is in direct contact with the body wall (subperitoneal)

Question 3

What artery supplies the foregut?

Answer 3

• Ciliac artery (supplies the spleen as well)
• The first major branch of the abdominal aorta, the celiac trunk is responsible for supplying oxygen-rich blood to the stomach, spleen, liver, esophagus, and also parts of the pancreas and duodenum
• Spleen (not helping with digestion but attached to stomach by greater momentum and shares same blood supply)
• Anastomoses: all these branches are connected to keep tissues nourished, multiple ways to reach all areas of the stomach. Following lesser and greater curvature (watch where you are cutting!)

Question 4

Liver

(carnivore)

Answer 4

• In carnivore, liver is biggest (protein based diet) and has multiple lobes

Question 5

Mesentery

Answer 5

• the intestines are, in essence, suspended from the dorsal aspect of the peritoneal cavity by a fused, double layer of parietal peritoneum called mesentery- An important feature of mesentery is that it serves as a conduit for blood vessels, nerves and lymphatic vessels going to and from the organ in question.

Question 6

Omentum

Answer 6

• Omenta are abdominal structures formed from peritoneum and structurally similar to mesentery.
• The lesser omentum arises from the lesser curvature of the stomach and extends to the liver.
• The greater omentum is given off from the greater curvature of the stomach, forms a large sheet that lies over the intestines, then converges into parietal peritoneum.

Question 7

Ileocaecolic Junction

(canines)

Answer 7

• Cecum (rather irrelevant in carnivores as they arent fermenting)
• Things can pass through large and small intestine without going through cecum

Question 8

Blood Supply to Midgut and Hindgut

Answer 8

• Cranial Mesenteric Artery: supplies most of mesentery intestinal tract
• Caudal Mesenteric Artery: will supply hindgut

Question 9

Venous drainage of Intestines

Answer 9

• going back to liver by portal vein

Question 10

Nerves

Answer 10

• Enteric NS
• Gets innervation from parasympathetic (vagus) and sympathetic (splanchic nerves) –> autonomic NS
• -will innervate the gut

Question 11

Linea Alba

Answer 11

• site where oblique muscles meet from each side by aponeurosis and forms white band –> site for surgery
• Need to know where external abdominal oblique is and internal abdominal oblique
• Muscular fibers: Fibers running at 90 degrees to each other, gives extra strength for high pressure needed when vomiting and defecating
• Rectus abdominis: ABS. Will see rectus sheath

Question 12

Inguinal Ring

Answer 12

• The inguinal canal is a short passage that extends inferiorly and medially, through the inferior part of the abdominal wall (through internal abdominal oblique).
• It is superior and parallel to the inguinal ligament. It acts as a pathway by which structures can pass from the abdominal wall to the external genitalia; passage of testis
• Testis need to go through inguinal canal to enter sack and take with them the muscle (cremaster) and peritoneum (becomes vaginal process)

Question 13

Blood Supply to Abdominal Wall

Answer 13

• epigastric arteries