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Nose Liners > Sinuses & Rhinitis > Flashcards

Sinuses & Rhinitis Flashcards

1
Q

Antrum of Highmore

A

Aka Maxillary sinus

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2
Q

Floor of maxillary sinus ?

A

Alveolar Process of Maxilla
Related to 2nd premolar & 1st Molar

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3
Q

Ethmoidal cell present below orbit ?

A

Haller cell

(HELL is below the eye)

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4
Q

Ethmoidal cell present most anteriorly ?

A

Agger Nasi

Can at times almost invade n pneumatize uncinate

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5
Q

Posterior Ethmoidal cell present near Optic ?

A

Onodi cell

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6
Q

Sinuses at Birth ?

A

” ME till im 15”

Maxillary and Ethmoidal

Both Complete by 12 to 15 yrs

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7
Q

Last to develop & Last to complete

A

Frontal

2nd yr of life ethamoidal cells grow into frontal bone

Finishes by 18yrs

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8
Q

Frontal

visible on xray by ?

Q2 no idea of question

A

8th yr

12th yr

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9
Q

Sphenoid sinuses develop by ?

A

Small sac present at birth

Develops by 5th yr

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10
Q

Cavernous sinus

A

Inside:
6.
Carotic plexus
ICA

Lateral wall - 3,4,V1 V2
Roof optic nerve

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11
Q

Tras sphenoidal Hypophysectomy deals with Sella types

A

Sella 90% > presellar 9% > cochal 1%

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12
Q

Bulla ethamoidalis is situated behind ?

A

Uncinate process

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13
Q

Aggar nasi communicates with ?
Situated where ?

A

Frontal sinus

Its situated just anterior to middle turbinate

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14
Q

Pnumatization of what leads to choncha bullosa ?

A

Middle turbinate

Drains into frontal or aggar nasi

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15
Q

Haller cells

A

At roof of maxillary sinus

Below choncha bullosa
Impeds maxillary drainage

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16
Q

Posterior ethamoidal air cell ?

A

Onodi cell

Post by spehnoid sinus or 1.5cm superior to it

IMPORTANT BECAUSE OF ITS OPTIC NERVE RELATION

17
Q

Post 2/3rd of nose nerve ?

A

Sphenopalantine nerve

Septum and lateral wall

18
Q

Nerve supplying Anterior Nd superior (lateral wall and septum)

A

Anterior ethamoidal nerve

19
Q

Forceps used for Antral Lavage

A

Lich-twitz trochar and cannula

1.5- 2 cm from ant end of inferior turbinate

20
Q

Causes of Primary Atropic Rhinitis

A

Hereditary Factors
Endocrine Disturbances
Racial
Nutritional (Deficiency A, D & iron )
Infective - Klebsiella ozaenae Diptherods Proteus vulgaris E. coli
Autoimmune

21
Q

Treatment of Atropic Rhinitis

A

ATROPI IN YOUNG GIRLS

Antibiotic spray - Kemicetine
Teflon past submucosal inj
Remove Crust
Ostradiol spray
P- K iodine
Irrigation

Insertion of fat,bone etc

Youngs

22
Q

Rhinitis sicca

A

Dry dusty
Ant 1/3rd crusting
Squamous metaplasia from ciliary col
& atrophy of seromucinous glands

23
Q

Rhinitis Caseosa

A

U/l
Males
Cheesy material
Cronic sinusitis

Sinus mucosa becomes granulomatous
Bony sinus wall destroyed

Prognosis good

24
Q

Rhinoscleroma caused by

A

Klebsiella rhinoscleroma

25
Q

Stages of Rhinosocleroma

A

Atropic - resembles atropic rhinitis

Granulomatous (subdermal infilteration ext nose and upper lip - woody- painless - non ulcerative)

Cicatrial - stenosis, distortion and adhesion

26
Q

Biopsy of Rhinoscleroma shows

A

Infilteration of submucosa

Mikulicz cells (pronounced as Mi-ku-lich)

  • Large foamy cells with central nucleus & vaculated cytoplasm containing bacili

Russel bodies - homo esosinophilic inclusion Bodies in plasma cells

27
Q

Rx of Rhinoscleroma

A

Streptomycin and tetracycline for 4- 6 weeks upto a month

28
Q

Youngs sx vrs Modified

A

Young’s- Atropic Rhinitis nostril
closed by flap

Modified - 3mm opening @ centre

29
Q

North India + Tapir/Hebra Nose + Atropic rhinitis

A

Rhinoscleroma

30
Q

Strawberry masss +PONDS + Tamil Nadu+ skin + bleeding mass studded with white dots

A

RHINOSPORIDIOSIS

Leafy and polypoidal mass

31
Q

Cause of rhinosporidiosis

A

Rhinosporidium seebri

32
Q

Uniquness of mucormycosis

A

Can invade arteries and cause endothelial damage and thrombosis

33
Q

Wegner’s granulomatosis

A

Blood stain nasal discharge
Persistent cold & destruction of nose

C ANCA and VASCULTITS

Haemoptysis
Xray cavity lesion

Kidney- red cast albumin

34
Q

T cell lymphoma aka

A

Midline malignancy

Polymorphic reticulosis

35
Q

T cell lymphoma uniqueness

A

Rapid ONE SIDE destruction from nose till maxilla

Angiocentric and angioinvasive

NO systemic involment and no vasculitis

Rx Radi/chemo

36
Q

Nasal myiasis caused by ?

A

Chryosma flies

37
Q

Kemicetine antiozaena solution contains

A

Chloromycetin aka chloramphenicol

Oestrodiol

Vit D2

38
Q

Nasal myiasis rx

A

Chloroform water + oil

Nasal douche for crusting

Mosquito net to prevent further fly contact

Nose Liners (3 decks)

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