Skel A: Final Study Guide Flashcards
(28 cards)
what is caudia equina syndrome?
saddle or anesthesia
bowel and bladder distrubances
can a synovial cyst be seen on film?
no way to see on plain film
only on MRI
how do you mange an annular tear?
thru chiropractic care
what is modic endplate change type 1?
represents marrow edema
dark T1, white T2
what is modic endplate type 2?
represents fatty change of subchondrial marrow
bright T1, bright T2
what is modic endplate type 3?
bony sclerosis
dark T1, white T2
where is tarlov’s cyst?
in the sacrum
what is levoscoliosis?
wrong way
what is arnald chiari?
brain tissue extending inot the skull
what is osteopenia?
decreased bone density or increased radiolucency
wha are major causes of diffuse osteopenia?
- osteoperosis
- osteomalacia/rickets
- hyerparathyriodism
- neoplasm
where does an osteoprgenator originate?
bone marrow
what does an osteoblast produce?
osteoid
where do osteocytes develop?
arise from osteoblast
what are bone lining cells?
inactive dormant osteoblast
what % of the bone is water?
20% of wet weight of bone
the remaining organic matrix?
90% collagen
10% muccoploysaccharide
what is the rest of the inorganic material?
calcium hydroxyappetite
where do osteoclast exist?
howship’s lacunae
what is an osteoclast function?
secrete acid to break down hydroxyapetite?
what metabolites does parathyriod hormone activate?
vitamin D
PGE2
Thyriod hormone
Heparin
what does PTH inhibit?
calcitonin
what is the most frequent bone diseasein humans?
osteoperosis
where does osteoperosis premdominate?
axial skeleton and proximal long bones
