skelet Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the facet (zygapophyseal) joint and its function?
It is the joint formed between the top and bottom articular processes of adjacent vertebrae. It helps the back move and stay stable.
What is the intervertebral foramen and what passes through it?
It is the gap formed between the superior notch of one vertebra and the inferior notch of the vertebra above. Spinal nerves pass through it to connect the spinal cord to the body.
What are the functions of the intervertebral disc?
The disc sits between two vertebrae like a cushion. It absorbs pressure, supports movement, and keeps the space open for spinal nerves.
What are the three main parts of the sternum?
Manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.
What bones make up the shoulder girdle and what is its function?
Scapula and clavicle. It attaches the bones of the upper limb to the axial skeleton.
What does the clavicle articulate with?
It articulates with the sternum at the sternoclavicular joint and with the scapula at the acromioclavicular joint.
What holds the scapula in place and where does it articulate?
It is held in place by muscle only. It articulates with the humerus at the glenoid fossa (glenohumeral joint) and with the clavicle at the acromion (acromioclavicular joint).
Which bones does the humerus articulate with proximally?
Scapula, radius, and ulna.
Which parts of the humerus do the radius and ulna articulate with?
The radius articulates with the capitulum and the ulna articulates with the trochlea.
What movement do the radio-ulnar joints allow?
They allow pronation and supination of the forearm.
What bones form the wrist joint?
It is formed by the articulation between the radius and carpal bones.
What forms the hip joint?
The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvic bone to form a ball and socket joint.
What is the function of the greater/lesser trochanters of the femur?
They are attachment sites for muscles to move the femur at the hip joint.
What does the femoral condyle articulate with?
It articulates with the tibia.
What is the tibial plateau and what does it articulate with?
It is the top surface of the tibia that articulates with the femoral condyles to form the knee joint.
What attaches to the tibial tuberosity?
The patella tendon.
Where is the head of the fibula located?
It is at the proximal end of the fibula.
What are the medial and lateral malleolus?
They are the distal bony projections of the tibia (medial) and fibula (lateral).
What is the function of the longitudinal arches in the foot?
They help distribute weight across the foot.
What type of joint is the shoulder joint and what movements does it allow?
The shoulder (glenohumeral) joint is a synovial ball and socket joint that allows flexion/extension, rotation, adduction/abduction, and circumduction.
