Skeletal Anatomy Flashcards
Terms
What does the term Epiphysis mean?
The widened ends of the long bone that are covered by the growth plate.
What’s the diaphysis?
The Diaphysis is a term used when revering to the general body of a a bone.
What’s an epiphyseal plate?
An Epiphyseal plate also known as a “growth plate” is the outermost layer of the ends of the long bone.
What does the term ‘articular cartilage’ mean?
Articular cartilage is a thin layer of specialized connective tissue with unique viscoelastic properties.
What’s spongey bone?
Spongy (cancellous) bone is lighter and less dense than compact bone.
What are red marrow cavities?
Red bone marrow is primarily found in the medullary cavity of flat bones such as the sternum and pelvic girdle. This type of bone marrow contains hematopoietic stem cells, which are the stem cells that form blood cells.
What’s compact bone
The sturdy innermost area of the bone
What’s the medullary cavity?
The medullary cavity is a space within many flat bones that houses red marrow
What’s yellow marrow?
Yellow bone marrow contains mesenchymal stem cells (marrow stromal cells), which produce cartilage, fat and bone.
What is Periosteum?
The periosteum is the sheath outside your bones that supplies them with blood, nerves and the cells that help them grow and heal. the periosteum is also very sensitive to pain.
Vertebrae?
Vertebrae are individual bones that interlock with each other to form the spinal column.
What are the spinal processes
On each vertebra, there are two transverse processes and one spinous process.
Hyoid bone?
The hyoid bones hold the tongue and the larynx in position
What’s the mandible?
The mandible is a bone located in the skull, it houses the lower teeth such as the incisors, molars and premolars, of the lower jaw.
Ribs.
The ribs are the stick like bones that protect the lungs, heart, ect.
What’s the sternum?
The chest bone, or sternum, protects the heart and lungs and aids in breathing motion.
Axial skeleton.
The canine skeleton is divided into two regions: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton consists of the vertebral column and the rib cage.
brachycephalic faces.
Brachycephalic means shortened head. They are lots of pets selected for this appearance and have short snouts and flat faces. Flat-faced animals include: Pugs. Brussels griffon.
Mesaticephalic faces.
A basic well rounded shaped head
dolichocephalic faces.
Dolichocephalic breeds are those with extremely long skulls. Their noses are long and slender. Dolichocephalic dog breeds include Greyhounds, Collies, Setters, Dachshunds, Italian Greyhounds and Great Danes.
what’s the cranium?
the part of the skull that encloses the brain
What does the maxillary bone do?
the maxilla or maxillary bone is a part of the upper jaw and it houses the premolars to the molars.
What/s mastication?
Mastication is a term used to describe the action of eating or chewing.
What does the nasal bone do?
The nasal bone moistens air before it goes down the rest of the raspatory system it protects the internal structures of the nose.
incisive bone.
The incisive bone houses the incisor teeth.
Zygomatic bone.
The zygomatic bone is a bone located within the skull and along with the temporal bone it forms the zygomatic arch.
Frontal bone.
an even, flat and irregular bone that constitutes the basis of the frontal region.
parietal bone.
the parietal and interparietal bone form the majority of the caudal and dorsal areas of the skull.
Occipital bone.
The occipital bone when connected to the atlas forms the atlanto-occipital joint which allows for a ‘yes’ head moving motion.
Tympanic bulla
a smooth bulbous enlargements of the tympanic part of the temporal bone
Temporal bone.
The temporal bone is composed of squamous, petrosal and tympanic parts and forms the lateral wall of the cranial cavity.
Sphenoid bone.
forms the base of the neurocranium and is composed of a body and wings.
