skeletal system

Question 0

tightly packed collagenous fibers may be parallel (regular) or matted (irregular)

Answer 0

dense connective tissue

Question 1

connective tissue with cells and fibers embedded in a calcified ground substance

Answer 1

bone

Question 2

a connective tissue with cells and fibers embedded in a gel-like substance

Answer 2

cartilage

Question 3

unspecialized cells which have the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts. (capable of mitotic reproduction

Answer 3

osteogenic cells

Question 4

immature bone cells found in the periostuem and endosteum .

(bone builders)

Answer 4

osteoblasts

Question 5

these are osteoblasts that mature and migrate into the bone.

regulate resorption and deposition of calcium

Answer 5

osteocytes

Question 6

large bones found in the bone surface, responsible for resorption of the bone during growth and rapir.

(killer Cells)

Answer 6

osteoclasts

Question 7

dense irregular fibrous connective tissue that covers the surface of the bone not covered by articular cartilage

Answer 7

periosteum

Question 8

also known as cortical bone. very dense tissue organized in haversian systems, it forms the outer layers of the bone.

Answer 8

compact bone

Question 9

also known as the collagenous bone, forms a lattice-like structure of spiked bone called trabeculae

Answer 9

spongy bone

Question 10

the marrow cavity in the center of the bone site of blood cell production or fat storage

Answer 10

medullary cavity

Question 11

a larger of osteogenic cells and osteoclasts that lines the medullary cavity

Answer 11

endosteum

Question 12

compact bone consist of closely packed osteons

Answer 12

Haversian systems

Question 13

there are two types of bone marrow

Answer 13

red and yellow

Question 14

is composed of mainly areolar and adipose tissue.

blends with dermis and fills unoccupied spaces.

Answer 14

superficial fascia

Question 15

covers and permeates the muscles bones,nerves and blood vessels.
(it forms ligaments tendons and joint capsules surrounds all bone)

Answer 15

deep fascia

Question 16

a layer of connective tissue that ensheathes the entire muscle, composed of dense irregular connective tissue.

Answer 16

epimysium

Question 17

the sheath of connective tissue enveloping bundles of muscle fivers

Answer 17

perimysium

Question 18

meaning within the muscle –a whispy layer of areolar connective tissue that ensheathes each individual muscle fibers.

Answer 18

endomysium

Question 19

envelopes and holds the organs within their cavities .

Answer 19

visceral fascia

Question 20

also known as sinews, tough bands of fibrous connective tissue

Answer 20

tendon

Question 21

short bands of tough fibrous connective tissue composed mainly of long stingy collagen fibers.
(they serve to connect bone to bone )

Answer 21

ligaments

Question 22

is a dense type of connective tissue composed of collagen and elastin fibers embedded in a firm gel-like ground substance

Answer 22

cartilage

Question 23

the most resilient cartilage it provides strength

Answer 23

elastic cartilage

Question 24

found where strong support and minimum movement are required | comprises the intervertebral disks and the pubic symphysis

Answer 24

fibrocartilage

Question 25

a type of cartilage found at the joints over the ends of the bones where its commonly referred to as gristle (is the most abundant in the human body )

Answer 25

hyaline cartilage

Question 26

long short flat irregular are all

Answer 26

bone shapes

Question 27

what are the functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 27

``` support protection movement facilitation mineral storage blood cell reproduction storage of energy ```

Question 28

a large rounded articular prominence

Answer 28

condyle

Question 29

a prominent border or ridge

Answer 29

crest

Question 30

a prominence above condyle

Answer 30

epicondyle

Question 31

a smooth flat surface

Answer 31

facet

Question 32

an opening though which blood vessels nerves ligaments pass

Answer 32

foramen

Question 33

a depression in or a bone

Answer 33

fossa

Question 34

a depression which accommodates a soft structure , such as blood vessel,nerve or tendon

Answer 34

groove

Question 35

a rounded articular projection supported on the constricted portion of a bone

Answer 35

head

Question 36

a less prominent ridge than acrest

Answer 36

a line

Question 37

a tube like passageway running without a bone

Answer 37

meatus

Question 38

a projection of a bone

Answer 38

a process

Question 39

a sharper crest

Answer 39

a ridge

Question 40

a slender projection

Answer 40

spine

Question 41

a large blunt projection found only on the femur

Answer 41

trochanter

Question 42

a smooth rounded process

Answer 42

tubercle

Question 43

a large rounded usually roughened process

Answer 43

tuberosity

Question 44

there are 3 types of muscle

Answer 44

skeletal smooth and cardiac skeletal muscle = voluntary Smooth muscle = involuntary

Question 45

the ability of muscle tissue to receive and respond to stimuli

Answer 45

excitability

Question 46

the ability of muscle tissue to actively generate force to shorten and thicken to do work (contract)

Answer 46

contractility

Question 47

the ability of muscle tissue to be stretched

Answer 47

extensibility

Question 48

the ability of muscle tissue to return to its original shape

Answer 48

elasticity

Question 49

functions of the muscular system include:

Answer 49

motion maintenance of posture heat production 85% of all body heat is generated by muscle contractions

Question 50

muscle fibers can be classified as :::::;;

Answer 50

fast twitch or slow twitch

Question 51

muscle use oxygen to contract therefore they have numerous mitochondria and large concentration of myoglobin. (it works for extended periods)

Answer 51

slow twitch

Question 52

work using anaerobic metabolisms, they are good for bursts of energy such as that required for weight lifting and sprinting.

Answer 52

fast twitch

Question 53

are composed of cylindrical organelles called myofibrils. | composed of thick and thin filaments known as actin and myosin

Answer 53

muscle fibers ``` actin = thin myosin = thick ```

Question 54

the light bands that contain only actin are called

Answer 54

I bands

Question 55

dark bands containing only myosin are called

Answer 55

A bands

Question 56

center of A bands are known as

Answer 56

H zone

Question 57

z line to z line are known as

Answer 57

sarcomere

Question 58

when a muscle contracts and the distance between the ends of the muscles changes.... concentric muscle shortens as it contracts.

Answer 58

isotonic contraction

Question 59

when a muscle contracts and the ends of the muscle do not move or the body part that the muscle affects do not move

Answer 59

isometric contraction

Question 60

a state of wasting away of muscle

Answer 60

muscular atrophy

Question 61

the reverse of atrophy,,,it is an increase in the diameter of muscle fiber more forceful contractions produce

Answer 61

muscular hypertrophy

Question 62

a reddish pigment which stores oxygen until needed for muscle contraction

Answer 62

myoglobin

Question 63

when muscles becomes depleted of oxygen due to excessive use the respiratory system can not keep up....(increase heart rate and breathing)

Answer 63

oxygen debt

Question 64

a condition of prolonged muscle contraction when oxygen debt becomes extreme

Answer 64

muscle fatigue

Question 65

a system of sensory and motor nerve activity that provides information as to the position and rate of movement of different body parts to the central nervous system

Answer 65

proprioception

Question 66

are cells that are distributed throughout the belly of the muscle. (send information to the nervous system about muscle length or rate of change to prevent excessive stretching )

Answer 66

muscle spindles

Question 67

this receptor lies near the tendon junction | it transmits information regarding the tension in the muscle to the brain and spinal cord. it limits excessive tension

Answer 67

golgi tendon organs