Skeletal System

Question 1

Functions

Answer 1

• support and protection
• body movement
• produces blood cells
• storage of minerals and fats

Question 2

Function 1

Answer 2

support and protection

Question 3

function 2

Answer 3

body movement

Question 4

function 3

Answer 4

produce blood cells

Question 5

function 4

Answer 5

storage of minerals and fats

Question 6

how many bones are in your body?

Answer 6

206 bones

Question 7

Axial skeleton (80 bones)

Answer 7

head and trunk of vertebrate
central axis of human skeleton
supports upright position and protects internal organs

Question 8

appendicular skeleton

Answer 8

portion of the skeleton of vertebrates made up of bones that support appendages
limbs
aid in movement of body
arms, forearms, hands, pelivs

Question 9

bone structure- long bone

Answer 9

1. epiphysis (end)
2. diaphysis (shaft)
3. articular cartilage (hyaline cartilage, padding)
4. periosteum (membrane that covers entire bone)

Question 10

proximal epiphysis

Answer 10

the epiphysis that is closest to the bodys center

Question 11

distal epiphysis

Answer 11

the one that is the farthest away

Question 12

inside the long bone- medullary cavity

Answer 12

hollow chamber filled with bone marrow
red marrow (blood)
yellow marrow (fat)

Question 13

types of bone tissue

Answer 13

compact

spongy

Question 14

compact bone tissue

Answer 14

wall of the diaphysis

Question 15

spongy bone tissue

Answer 15

cancellous, epiphysis- red marrow

Question 16

classification of bones-

Answer 16

long
short
flat
irregular
sesamoid

Question 17

diaphysis

Answer 17

shaft or central part of the long bone

Question 18

articular cartilage

Answer 18

smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints

Question 19

periosteum

Answer 19

dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints

Question 20

red bone marrow

Answer 20

soft, spongy tissue that has many blood vessels

contains blood stem cells that can become red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

Question 21

function of yellow bone marrow

Answer 21

aids in the storage of fats in cells called adipocytes

Question 22

joints

Answer 22

also called an articulation, is any place where adjacent bones or bone and cartilage come together to form a connection

Question 23

structural joints

Answer 23

fibrous joint
cartilaginous joint
synovial joint

Question 24

fibrous joint

Answer 24

is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective tissue

Question 25

cartilaginous joint

Answer 25

the bones are joined by hyaline cartliage

Question 26

synovial joint

Answer 26

articulating surfaces of the bones are not directly connected presence of a joint caviy

Question 27

functional joints

Answer 27

determined by the amount of mobility found between the adjacent bones

Question 28

amphiarthroisis

Answer 28

is a joint that has limited mobility

Question 29

diarthrosis

Answer 29

freely mobile joint | are found in the appendicular skeleton and thus give the limbs a wide range of motion

Question 30

synovial joint types

Answer 30

``` pivot joint hinge joint saddle joint ball and socket joint condyloid joint plane joint ```

Question 31

pivot joint

Answer 31

a rounded portion of a bone is enclosed within a ring formed partially by the articulation with another bone

Question 32

hinge joitnt

Answer 32

the convex end of one bone articulates with the concave end of the adjoining bone

Question 33

saddle joint

Answer 33

both of the articulating surfaced for the bones have a saddle shape which is concave in one direction and convex in the other

Question 34

plane joint

Answer 34

the articulating surfaces of the bones are flat and approximately the same size4 which allows the boned to slide against each other

Question 35

condyloid joint

Answer 35

the shallow depression at the end of the bone articulates with a rounded structure from an adjacent bone

Question 36

ball and socket joints

Answer 36

rounded head of one bone fits into the concave articulation of the adjacent bone

Question 37

biaxial joints

Answer 37

that allows for two planes of movement

Question 38

flexion/extension

Answer 38

flexing arm | extending arm

Question 39

adduction/abduction/circumduction

Answer 39

away from midline towards midline circling motion

Question 40

rotation

Answer 40

can occur within the vertebral column

Question 41

supination/pronation

Answer 41

is the opposite motion, in which rotation of the radius returns the bones to their parallel positions and moves palms like soup spoon palms downward

Question 42

dorsiflexion/ plantar flexion

Answer 42

flexing foot | pointing foot

Question 43

inversion/eversion

Answer 43

turning foot inward- breaking fibula | turning foot outward- breaking tibula

Question 44

protraction/retraction

Answer 44

scapula bring pulled posteriorly and medially toward vertebrate shoulders or head, ex, are moved forward

Question 45

depression/elevation

Answer 45

downwards | upwards

Question 46

opposition/reposition

Answer 46

thumb movement that brings tip of thumb in contact with finger flat hand

Question 47

how many bones in cranium

Answer 47

22

Question 48

what is the only moveable bone in skull

Answer 48

mandible

Question 49

what are five vertebral regions

Answer 49

``` cervical thoracic lumbar sacrum coccyx ```

Question 50

how many vertebrate in cervical

Answer 50

7

Question 51

how many vertebrate in thoracic

Answer 51

12

Question 52

how many vertebrate in lumbar

Answer 52

5

Question 53

scoliosis

Answer 53

lateral curvature of spine

Question 54

kyphosis

Answer 54

hunchback of spine

Question 55

lordosis

Answer 55

anterior curvature of lumbar- pregnancy

Question 56

what does thoracic cage protect

Answer 56

heart and lungs

Question 57

costal cartliage

Answer 57

are bars of hyaline cartilage which serve to prolong the ribs forward

Question 58

three types of ribs, how many of each

Answer 58

true ribs:1-7 false ribs: 8-12 floating ribs:11-12

Question 59

main bones of pectoral girdle

Answer 59

clavicle and scapula

Question 60

humerus (location)

Answer 60

arm bone between your shoulder and your elbow

Question 61

radius (location)

Answer 61

lateral to ulna in anatomical position (in forearm)

Question 62

ulna (location)

Answer 62

medial to radius in anatomical position (forearm)

Question 63

carpals (location)

Answer 63

top of wrist

Question 64

metacarpals (location)

Answer 64

hand

Question 65

phalanges (location)

Answer 65

tubular bones of fingers and thumb

Question 66

femur (location)

Answer 66

thigh bone

Question 67

tibia (location)

Answer 67

bone on inside of leg (near shin)

Question 68

fibula (location)

Answer 68

bone on outside of leg (near shin)

Question 69

tarsals (location)

Answer 69

foot ("tarsals toes"

Question 70

metatarsals (location)

Answer 70

toes

Question 71

8 types of fractures

Answer 71

``` transverse oblique spiral comminuted impacted greenstick open closed ```