skeletal system

Question 1

what are the functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

muscles pull for movement

provides articulation and structure

protects organs

synthesize blood and immune cells

stores calcium, phosphate, and lipids

bone synthesize and breakdown

metabolic needs

Question 2

what does the axial skeleton consist of

Answer 2

bones of the skull and spinal column

ribs

sternum

Question 3

what is known as the individual bones that make up the spinal cord

Answer 3

vertebrae

Question 4

How is the vertebrae arranged in order to form a continuous, flexible, and bony column

Answer 4

linearly

Question 5

what are the 5 regional spinal segments

Answer 5

cervical, thoracic, and lumbar segments

sacrum

coccyx

Question 6

what does the cervical segment of the spine being with that articulates with the base of the skull

Answer 6

vertebra

Question 7

what is the specific name for the vertebra that articulates with the skull

Answer 7

atlas

Question 8

how many cervical vertebrae are there

Answer 8

seven

Question 9

where is the vertebra found

Answer 9

in the neck

Question 10

the thoracic spinal segment beings with what vertebra

Answer 10

8th vertebra

Question 11

how many thoracic vertebrae are there

Answer 11

12

Question 12

what does the 12 thoracic vertebrae articulate laterally with which are important structural components of the chest or thoracic walls

Answer 12

12 pairs of ribs

Question 13

what vertebra does the lumbar vertebrae begin with

Answer 13

19th vertebra

Question 14

how many lumber vertebrae are there

Answer 14

5

Question 15

the final lumbar vertebra connects to the _______ which is actually 5 or 6 vertebrae fused

Answer 15

sacrum

Question 16

how is the sacrum fused to other bones of the hip

Answer 16

fused medially

Question 17

what does the sacrum that is fused medially to other bone of the hip form

Answer 17

bony pelvis

Question 18

at the most distal end of the sacrum are the four small partially fused vertebrae that together are referred to as what

Answer 18

coccyx

Question 19

the terminal vertebra of the coccyx represents what end of the spine

Answer 19

caudal end

Question 20

what does the vertebral canal contain

Answer 20

spinal cord of the central nervous system

Question 21

the spinal cord begins at the distal extension of the brainstem and enters the vertebra canal through what

Answer 21

foramen magnum

Question 22

what is the large opening in the posterior base of the skull

Answer 22

foramen magnum

Question 23

does the spinal cord extend for the entire length of the vertebral canal

Answer 23

no

Question 24

where does the dorsal and ventral spinal nerve roots that combine to form the 31 sets of spinal nerves of the somatic or voluntary nervous system emerge from

Answer 24

spinal cord

Question 25

what does the skull consist of

Answer 25

tightly-fused bones

Question 26

the skull consists of tightly-fused bones that contain what parts

Answer 26

brain pituitary gland facial bones upper bone jaws--- maxillae lower jaw-- mandible

Question 27

what is the only moveable bone of the skull

Answer 27

mandible

Question 28

the inner surfaces of the bones that form the cranial cavity which correspond to what adjacent underlying regions

Answer 28

cerebral cortex of the brain

Question 29

what bones are regions in the cerebral cortex of the brain

Answer 29

frontal bone parietal bone temporal bone and occipital bone

Question 30

what is considered the thoracic

Answer 30

chest and upper back

Question 31

what is the thoracic skeleton comprised of

Answer 31

thoracic vertebrae 12 sets of ribs sternum(breast bone) medial sections of the clavicles (collarbones)

Question 32

what does the ribs connect to

Answer 32

lateral surfaces of the thoracic vertebrae

Question 33

the ribs connect to the lateral surfaces of the thoracic vertebrae then extend laterally to form what

Answer 33

dorsal thorax

Question 34

where is the sternum located

Answer 34

midline of the anterior (ventral) wall of the thorax

Question 35

the thoracic skeleton creates a cage-like structural ______

Answer 35

framework

Question 36

when associated muscles and connective tissues are added to this framework what type of thoracic cavity is created

Answer 36

interior thoracic cavity

Question 37

what does the interior thoracic cavity contain

Answer 37

heart lungs several another important anatomical structures

Question 38

what will form the floor of the thoracic cavity

Answer 38

diaphragm

Question 39

what is the single dome-shaped sheet of muscle that forms the floor of the thoracic cavity

Answer 39

diaphragm

Question 40

what parts of the body make up the upper appendicular skeleton (attached)

Answer 40

bones of the shoulder girdles arms wrists hands fingers

Question 41

what is the distal end of the long bone of the upper arm

Answer 41

humerus

Question 42

what does the humerus form

Answer 42

radius and the ulna

Question 43

what are the proximal ends of the two lower arm bones

Answer 43

radius and ulna

Question 44

what does the distal ends of the radius and ulna articulate with

Answer 44

wrist bones "carpals"

Question 45

what do the carpals (wrist bones) form

Answer 45

complex wrist joint

Question 46

what do the carpals articulate with

Answer 46

metacarpal bones of the hand

Question 47

what do the distal ends of the metacarpals articulate with

Answer 47

phalanges (bones of the fingers)

Question 48

what does the lower appendicular skeleton consist of

Answer 48

pelvis except the sacrum, bones of the legs, ankles, feet, and toes

Question 49

the sacrum is part of the axial or appendicular skeleton

Answer 49

axial

Question 50

the proximal end or head of the femur fits into a semicircular depression of the inferolateral borders in the bones of what

Answer 50

pelvis

Question 51

what forms the ball and socket joint of the hip

Answer 51

femur, associated muscles and connective tissues

Question 52

the distal end of the femur articulates with the proximal ends of what

Answer 52

tibia and fibula at the knee joint

Question 53

what bones do the distal ends of the tibia and fibula articulate with

Answer 53

several tarsal bones

Question 54

what does the tarsal bones form

Answer 54

complex ankle joint

Question 55

what proximal ends do the tarsal bones in the ankle region articulate with

Answer 55

metatarsal bones in the foot

Question 56

what do the distal ends of the metatarsal bones articulate with

Answer 56

bones of the toes (phalanges)

Question 57

what are the 2 major cavities in the human body

Answer 57

dorsal and ventral body cavities

Question 58

what does the dorsal body cavity consist of

Answer 58

cranial cavity and spinal canal

Question 59

what does the cranial cavity contain

Answer 59

brain

Question 60

what does the spinal canal contain

Answer 60

spinal cord

Question 61

what is the ventral cavity enclosed by

Answer 61

thoracic muscles ribs sternum thoracic vertebrae abdominal wall muscles inner surface bones associated muscles of the pelvis

Question 62

how is the ventral cavity divided into an upper cavity

Answer 62

by transverse dome-shaped muscle --diaphragm

Question 63

what are the major contents of the thoracic cavity

Answer 63

heart and lungs

Question 64

what are the major contents of the abdominal and pelvic cavity

Answer 64

intestines digestive organs-- liver gallbladder and pancreas , urinary bladder, in females-- uterus and ovaries